New Innovative Leadership Model for Head Nurses in Community Hospitals: A First- and Second-Order Confirmatory Factor Analysis
Keywords:
Innovative Leadership, Factor Analysis, Head Nurses, Community HospitalsAbstract
The aim of this first- and second-order confirmatory analysis was to analyze factors and assess the validity of a of a new leadership model for head nurses in community hospitals.This descriptive research had 330 head nurses from community hospitals as participants. All were recruited using stratified random sampling.The instrument was a five-point rating scale questionnaire on innovative leadership, with a content validity index (CVI) of 0.96, and Cronbach’s reliability alpha coefficient of 0.98. Data collection period was between October 2019 and November 2020. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics as well as first- and second-order confirmatory factor analysis.The results of the first-order confirmatory analysis revealed 5 factors with 27 variables. The innovative leadership model was in correspondence with the empirical data ((Chi-square) c21st order= 22.995 df = 314 P-value = .100 c2/df (CMIN/DF) = 0.073 GFI = .994 AGFI = .993 NFI = .997 CFI = 1.000 RMSEA = .000). When tested with descriptive statistics, the results of the second-order confirmatory analysis revealed that the construct validity of the innovative leadership model was also in correspondence with the empirical data ((Chi-square) c2 2nd order= 24.939 df = 319 P-value = 1.000 c2/df (CMIN/DF) = 0.078 GFI = .994 AGFI = .993 NFI = .997 CFI = 1.000 RMSEA = .000). There were 5 factors of innovative leadership with 27 variables found among the head nurses of community hospitals. The five factors consisted of 1) innovative visions and strategies (14 variables), 2) innovative decision-making (3 variables), 3) implementation of innovations and research findings (3 variables), 4) innovation team management (3 variables), and 5) performance management with reward systems (4 variables).
The research showed that the newly found factors of innovative leadership have passed a test for quality instruments and can be used as an assessment tool for innovative attributes of administrators, or as a guideline for innovative leadership development responsive to the context of community hospitals in Thailand.
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