Anatomical variations and morphometric analysis of the internal iliac artery branching patterns in Thai cadavers
Keywords:
Internal iliac artery, Anatomical variations, Thai cadaversAbstract
This study aimed to describe the anatomical features and classify branching patterns of the internal iliac artery (IIA) in 22 Thai cadavers (44 hemipelvises) using Adachi classification. The results showed that the origin of the IIA was most commonly at the L5–S1 intervertebral disc level (45.5%), and the bifurcation into anterior and posterior divisions mostly occurred at the S1 vertebral level (43.2%). The mean IIA length was 37.96±12.78 mm (range 12.20–71.57 mm), with no statistically significant differences between right and left sides or between male and female. The most frequent branching pattern was Type I (77.27%), followed by Type II (15.91%), and Type III (6.82%), while Type IV and Type V were not observed. Global population data indicating Type I as the most common pattern, suggesting that IIA anatomy in Thai individuals is consistent with the general worldwide profile. However, the wide range of IIA length highlights considerable individual variation, which may influence surgical and radiological planning. This study provides an important anatomical reference for pelvic surgeons and radiologists, helping to reduce vascular injury risks and improve safety during pelvic interventions.
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