Development and Evaluation of the Effectiveness of an Infant Intramuscular Injection Training Manikin
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Abstract
This research and development study aimed to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of an Infant Intramuscular Injection training manikin. The sample consisted of 81 third-year nursing students from the Southern Network Nursing Colleges, selected by simple random sampling. The research instruments included the developed infant intramuscular injection training manikin, an infant intramuscular injection skill assessment form, and an innovation satisfaction questionnaire. The reliability of the skill assessment form and the satisfaction questionnaire was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of .75 and .87, respectively. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and a one-sample t-test. The findings were as follows.
1. The exterior of the skill trainer was made of natural rubber coated with acrylic paint to enhance realism. Its internal structure consisted of a silicone reservoir for holding liquid, connected to a drainage tube equipped with an on–off control valve, allowing liquid to be injected into the simulated muscle. The production cost was 350 baht per unit.
2. After practicing infant intramuscular injection on the training manikin, all students (100%) exhibited a proficient level of intramuscular injection skills. Their skill scores were significantly higher than the 60% criterion at the .001 significance level(t = 159.63, 95% CI 94.07 – 96.44; p < .001). Furthermore, the students' satisfaction with the manikin was at the highest level (M = 4.72, SD = .37).
The developed training manikin can be effectively used for teaching and learning in pediatric and adolescent nursing courses, both in laboratory and clinical practice settings. It also enables students to practice independently and build confidence before performing intramuscular injections on actual patients. Owing to its low production cost, the trainer has strong potential for further commercial development.
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