คุณภาพการนอนหลับ และปัจจัยที่สัมพันธ์กับคุณภาพการนอนหลับของผู้สูงอายุ อำเภอบ้านฝาง จังหวัดขอนแก่น

Abstract

The older adults often experience poor sleep problems and there are many factors that contribute to poor sleep quality. This study aimed to assess sleep quality and analyze factors associated with sleep quality of older adults. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on people aged over 60 years old living in Ban Fang District in Khon Kaen Province. A total of 364 subjects were selected by multi-stage random sampling. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index in Thai version was used to determining sleep quality. Data collection was performed using a structural interview questionnaire consisted of personal information, food consumption, physical activity, stress, and sleep environment/bedtime activities. The association between various factors and sleep quality was analyzed using multiple logistic regression statistics.                The results showed that the older adults subjects were predominantly  female, at 78%, with a mean age of 68.35 ± 3.88 years. They had poor sleep quality at 51.10%. The statistically significant factors associated with  poor sleep quality of the older adults were being female (adjusted OR (OR_adj)=3.87; 95% CI: 2.10 - 7.14, p<0.001), poor family relationships (OR_adj =3.30; 95% CI: 1.74 - 6.24, p<0.001),  having underlying diseases (OR_adj =1.92; 95% CI: 1.16-3.19, p=0.011),  having moderate stress (OR_adj = 3.88; 95% CI: 1.63-9.23, p=0.002) and vegetable consumption less than 4 times/week (OR_adj =2.12; 95% CI: 1.16-3.87, p=0.014).  Conclusions: more than half of the older adults had poor sleep quality. Relevant public health authorities should focus on promoting sleep quality in the elderly, including stress relief activities, promoting family relationship, serving an appropriate healthy diet as soft vegetables, and providing special advice to older women with certain illnesses.