EFFECT OF CRUDE EXTRACTS FROM MULBERRY AND GAC FRUIT ARIL ON THE RELEASE OF INTERLEUKIN 1β AND INTERLEUKIN 6

Abstract

Inflammation is caused by a triggered immune response by various kinds of stimulator. such as bacteria, viruses, etc. During inflammatory process occurred, cytokines are secreted from immune cells and stimulate cells to respond to the inflammatory process through the action of NF-κB, a nuclear transcription factor that can regulate the expression of various kind of genes which involved in inflammatory processes. The study is aimed to investigate the phytochemical composition and the effect of mulberry extracts and gac fruit aril on inhibiting of interleukin 1β (IL1β) and interleukin 6 (IL6) protein secretion in leukemia (U9T7) cell cultures. From the study found that the total phenolic and flavonoid contents were highest in gac fruit aril extracts with absolute ethanol and ethyl acetate in a ratio of 6:4 (300.11±610.65μg equivalent of gallic acid/1 mg crude extract dried weight and 4.68 ± 0.62 μg quercetin/1 mg crude extract dried weight), respectively. For the antioxidant activity, DPPH assay, found that the gac fruit aril extract with distilled water and absolute ethanol and ethyl acetate had similar efficacy, with IC50 values as 0.32±0.02 and 0.37±0.01 mg/mL, respectively, while the FRAP assay showed that the gac fruit aril extract with absolute ethanol and ethyl acetate (6:4) had the highest value as 333.39±6.123 μg equivalent to ascorbic acid per 1 mg crude extract dried weight. The extracts were tested with U9T7 cell line that stimulated to respond to inflammation. The extracts from both mulberry and gac fruit aril showed the inhibition effect of IL1B secretion by non-significantly (P value > 0.05). However, the inhibition effect of IL6 secretion was observed in both gac fruit aril extraction solvents by significantly (P value < 0.05). This study shows that both mulberry and gac fruit aril extracts can suppress inflammatory processes. This may be useful in to slow down inflammation in people with non-communicable diseases such as diabetes, which can reduce the severity of the disease.