Factors Association with the Risk of Pesticide Residues by Cholinesterase Blood Test of Agriculturists in Songplueay Subdistrict, Namon District, Kalasin Province

Abstract

At the present, the consumption of chemical pesticide is increasing
numerously. The trend, which has an effect on health of agriculturists,
consumers, and environments in community, patients from the toxic of
chemical pesticides increases every year. Especially, the agriculturists, who
directly contact chemical pesticides, often discover chemical pesticide
residues by means of cholinesterase blood tests. On the other hand, there
are not obvious reports to define the causes or the risks of chemical pesticide
residues for prevention in the future. This study aimed to investigate factors
associated with the risk of pesticide residues by means of agriculturists’
cholinesterase blood test in Songplueay subdistrict, Namon district, Kalasin
province; moreover, it was designed to be a crosssectional analytical study.
Participants were 259 agriculturists in Songplueay subdistrict, over 15 years
old. They were agriculturalist for more than one year, and they were without
diabetes mellitus or kidney diseases. The data collection was conducted
between of July 1 to September 30, 2013, and there was examining on serum
cholinesterase enzymes assays by a reactive paper method and an interview
through structural questions to find factors associated with cholinesterase
enzymes levels. A multiple logistic regression was analyzed to describe the
relationships between factors and cholinesterase enzymes levels. The effect
size was presented by adjusted odd ratio (ORadj) and 95% confidence interval
(95% CI). The result showed that agriculturists in Songplueay were male
(58.69%) with marriage or family status (86.87%), and their highest education
level was a primary school (81.07%). The duration of agriculture career was
2130 years (29.73%), and median of agriculture career was 25 years (min,
max: 1, 50 years). Most of the farmers had grown rice (92.28%). Findings
showed that the frequency of agriculture more than once a year (ORadj=
4.20, 95% CI=1.86–9.46), and marriage or family status (ORadj=4.74, 95% CI=
2.1910.42) had significantly positive association with the risk of pesticide
residues by cholinesterase blood test. Therefore, Public health officers and
related officers should inspect health of agriculturists who do agriculture
more than once a year, included family members who may participate in
the process of agriculture or directly contact chemical pesticide residues in
the fields. Accordingly, agriculturists who have the risk should be screened
for chemical pesticide residues at least once a year