Development of Online Course for Community Pharmacists on Stress Management in Patients with Mental Health Problems
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Objective: To develop and evaluation of the online course for community pharmacists on stress management in patients with mental health problems. Methods: This work was a research and development study. Team for course Development included 5 community pharmacists from drugstores in Nakhonratchasima, one clinical psychologist and one psychiatrist. The development process involved 5-phases including 1) need assessment by interviewing experts and community pharmacists regarding their needs; 2) establishing a curriculum conceptual framework; 3) designing and drafting the curriculum; 4) examining academic quality by 3 methods: 4.1) evaluating the appropriateness of topics and course duration from the draft by multidisciplinary professionals taking care patients with mental health problems using an online questionnaire. 4.2) examining content validity by three experts and 4.3) assessment of technical quality by participants in the course and 5) a pilot training in five community pharmacists. The evaluation was done by using pre- and post-training tests and practice tests. Results: The structure of the course curriculum consisted of 3 sub-courses as follows: 1) theory and principles of counseling; 2) self-management of stress; and 3) training on skill for counseling and stress management. Duration of the course was 2 days. The teaching was online with an emphasis on 2-way communication throughout the course. The ratio of instructors to learners during practice session was 1:3. The examination of content validity showed an item-object congruence index of 0.67-1. Test of post-training knowledge showed that course participants had a statistically significant increase in their scores. Participants' counseling skills assessed during training had a mean score of 90%. Conclusion: The developed online course help community pharmacists have a better understanding and skills in managing stress in people with mental health problems.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
ผลการวิจัยและความคิดเห็นที่ปรากฏในบทความถือเป็นความคิดเห็นและอยู่ในความรับผิดชอบของผู้นิพนธ์ มิใช่ความเห็นหรือความรับผิดชอบของกองบรรณาธิการ หรือคณะเภสัชศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยสงขลานครินทร์ ทั้งนี้ไม่รวมความผิดพลาดอันเกิดจากการพิมพ์ บทความที่ได้รับการเผยแพร่โดยวารสารเภสัชกรรมไทยถือเป็นสิทธิ์ของวารสารฯ
References
ThaiPBSNews. Covid-19 pandemic causes 216,098 Thai people "highly stressed" [online]. 2022 [ cited Sep 10, 2022]. Available from: news.thaipbs.or.th/ content/311531.
Nakornratchasima Rajanagarindra Psychiatric Hospi- tal. Committed suicide report [online]. 2021 [cited Sep 10, 2022]. Available from: suicide.dmh.go.th/re port/suicide/stat_prov.asp?ndead=2.
Sukanich P. Etiology of mental disorders [online]. 2011 [cited Sep 15, 2022]. Available from: www.rama.mahi dol.ac.th/ramamental/sites.
Division of Health Economics and Health Security. 1323: Twenty four hours telephone counselling report [online]. 2020 [cited Sep 15, 2022]. Available from: dhes.moph.go.th.
Department of Mental Health. 1323counseling for mental health problems [online]. 2022 [cited Sep 10, 2022]. Available from: www.facebook.com/helpline 1323.
Mooddelight.com. Chat bot for mental health coun- selling [online]. 2022 [cited Sep 10, 2022]. Available from: www.mooddelight.com/index.php/blog/hotline.
Digital Government Development Agency. Numbers of mental health professional [online]. 2022 [cited Sep 10, 2022]. Available from: data.go.th/dataset/ specialist.
Bell S, McLachlan AJ, Aslani P, Whitehead P, Chen TF. Community pharmacy services to optimise the use of medications for mental illness: a systematic review. Aust New Zealand Health Policy. 2005; 2: 29. doi: 10.1186/1743-8462-2-29.
Rubio-Valera M, Chen TF, O'Reilly CL. New roles for pharmacists in community mental health care: a narrative review. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2014; 11: 10967-90.
Moore CH, Powell BD, Kyle JA. The role of the community pharmacist in mental health. US Pharm. 2018; 43: 13-20.
Department of Mental Health. Ministry of health inspection report [online]. 2020 [cited Mar 2, 2022]. Available from: www.chiangmaihealth.go.th/cmpho_ web/document/200923160083594025.pdf.
Nakhonratchasima Psychiatric Hospital. Guidelines for the distribution of psychiatric patients receiving medicines at drugstores [online]. 2019 [cited Mar 2, 2022]. Available from: www.pharmcare.dmh.go.th.
Khampang R, Tantivess S, Leelahavarong P, Yanpiboon A, Ponrakdee K, Yangtisan A et al. An evaluation of the pilot program on drug-dispensing services in pharmacies to reduce hospital congestion phase II. Nonthaburi: Health Systems Research Institute; 2020.
Laksanawongsri P. Community pharmacist’s roles in stress management. In: Suksriwong S. editors. Stress management. Bangkok: Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University; 1998. p.72-92.
Songsirisuk N, Upakdee N. Survey of community pharmacist’s professional activities in Thailand. Thai- land Journal of Pharmacy Practice 2017; 9: 307-20
Srisopa P, Asarath T. Nursing role in preventing and managing stress. Burapha Journal of Medicine 2017; 4: 79-92.
Department of Mental Health. Psychosocial support model for health provider network [online]. 2011 [cited Aug 26, 2022]. Available from: dmh.go.th/ebook/ view.asp?id=253.
Devision of Mental Health Promotion and Develop ment. Guideline for psychosocial support in psycho social clinic and ambulatory clinic in seconday hospital.(Trial version) [online]. 2016 [cited Aug 6, 2022]. Available dmh-elibrary.org/items/show/1151.
Patphol M, Curriculum developmrnt model [online]. 2020 [cited Sep 20, 2022]. Available from: www.curriculumandlearning.com/index.php?page=Home&language=th.
Palitnonkiat Y. Research and development mental health technology manual. Bangkok: Bureau of Mental Health Technical Development; 2011.
Schneiderhan J, Guetterman TC, Dobson ML. Curri culum development: a how to primer. Fam Med Com Health 2019; 7: 1-6
Wongyai W. Backward curriculum design. In: Thai teaching profession encyclopedia. Bangkok: Secre- tariat Office of The Teachers Council of Thailand; 2009. p.141-8.
Parinyarux P, Wongpoowarak P, Dhippayom T, Kiti kannakorn N. Customer expectation survey on the competency of community pharmacists and future. Thai Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2020; 15: 67-80.
Joomprabutra W, Kenbubpha K, Palabut S. Develop ment and effectiveness of an online training program based on adolescent depression guidelines for physicians in the 10th Public Health Region. Journal of Mental Health of Thailand 2021; 29: 333-44.
Verville L, Dc PC, Grondin D, Mior S, Moodley K, Kay R. et.al. Using technology-based educational interventions to improve knowledge about clinical practice guidelines. J Chiropr Educ 2021; 35: 149-57.
