Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Outcomes of Diabetes in Children under 15 Years
Diabetes in Children under 15 Years
Keywords:
clinical characteristics, treatment outcomes, diabetes, childrenAbstract
Diabetes causes major non-communicable disease. The objectives of this descriptive study were to assess the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of diabetes in children under 15 years. This study conducted by analyzing the medical records of patients who received treatment at Buddhachinaraj Phitsanulok Hospital between January 2011 to December 2020. There were 88 new cases of diabetes. Type 1 diabetes was identified in 68.2% of patients, type 2 diabetes in 22.7% and other specific types of diabetes in 9.1%. In type 1 diabetes patients, the median age at diagnosis was 7.2 years. Presentation with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) was common (76.7%). The average glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) at diagnosis was 12.64%. In type 2 diabetes patients, the median age at diagnosis was 13.1 years. Presentation with diabetes symptoms was common (60.0%) and 43.8% of patients were obesity. The average HbA1c at diagnosis was 14.52%. At current age, higher HbA1c level observed in 10.0-14.9 years-old type 1 diabetes and 15.0-18.9 years-old type 2 diabetes patients. In conclusion, type 1 diabetes is most common in children. The most common leading symptom is DKA. Meanwhile, 43.8% of children with type 2 diabetes have co-obesity and HbA1c increase during adolescence.
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