Severe Myocarditis and Pneumonia due to Bocavirus in a Thai Boy: A Case Report and Review Literatures

โรคกล้ามเนื้อหัวใจอักเสบและปอดอักเสบรุนแรงจากเชื้อไวรัสโบคาในเด็กชายไทย: รายงานผู้ป่วยและทบทวนวรรณกรรม

Abstract

Human Bocavirus (HBoV) is a Parvoviridae family isolated about a decade ago and found
worldwide, responsible for upper and lower respiratory tract infections and gastroenteritis from early life
and mainly children of 6-36 months of age. Although HBoV generally causes self-limited influenza-like
illness, it may also lead to otitis media, bronchiolitis, pneumonia, croup and asthmatic attack. Rare,
but severe case presented with severe pneumonia, encephalitis, hepatitis and myocarditis that may be
fatal. Currently, there is no specific antiviral treatment and no vaccine prevention.This report reviewed
the clinical symptoms of an eight years old Thai boy presented with severe myocarditis, pneumonia and
erythema multiforme rash caused by HBoV co-infected with Klebsiella pneumonia. The causative agents
were analyzed from a nasopharyngeal swab samples by multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction
(RT-PCR) method by using respiratory panel of 33 pathogens (Fast-track diagnosis (FTD) @Respiratory
Pathogens33-Kit). Thus, Bocavirus infection should be considered in differential diagnosis of any
children presenting with severe myocarditis, pneumonia and erythema multiforme.