Prevalence and Factors Associated with Chronic Kidney Disease among Diabetic Patients at Public Health Center 2 (Thung Sawang), Nakhon Ratchasima Municipality, Mueang District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic non - communicable disease and a primary cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end - stage renal disease (ESRD). Diabetic nephropathy is the most common complication among diabetic patients, with a reported prevalence of 43.9%. This cross - sectional analytical research aimed to study the prevalence and factors associated with CKD among diabetic patients receiving treatment at Public Health Center 2 (Thung Sawang), Nakhon Ratchasima Municipality, Mueang District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province. The sample group consisted of diabetic patients treated between 2019 and 2024. Data were retrieved from the electronic medical record database (HosxP XE program). Factors associated with the occurrence of CKD were analyzed using multiple logistic regression, with a 95% confidence interval (CI).

There were 444 diabetic patients at Public Health Center 2 (Thung Sawang), from which 224 participants with complete data were included in the study. The prevalence of chronic kidney disease among these diabetic patients was 16.1%. Most participants were female (63.4%), with an average age of 64.0  ±  10.2 years. Factors significantly associated with CKD included age, triglyceride levels, and the presence of gout (p < 0.05). Specifically, patients aged 60 years or older were 5.907 times more likely to develop CKD than those under 60 (AOR = 5.91, 95%CI: 1.87 - 18.69, p = 0.003). Patients with triglyceride levels of 150 mg/dL or higher were 2.899 times more likely to have CKD (AOR = 2.89, 95%CI: 1.32  -  6.36, p = 0.008), and patients with gout were 7.069 times more likely to have CKD compared to those without gout (AOR = 7.07, 95%CI: 1.89  -  26.36, p = 0.004). Rapid screening for CKD in diabetic patients, monitoring of risk factors, continuous tracking of disease progression, and an efficient referral system can effectively delay the onset of chronic kidney disease in diabetic patients.