ผลของโปรแกรมโภชนศึกษาต่อภาวะซีดในเด็กวัย 9-12 เดือน ของผู้ปกครอง ในพื้นที่เขตชนบทของจังหวัดชายแดนไทย-กัมพูชา

Siriporn Utisthammakoon; Chanida Waennin; Khansuda Scott; Suchanuch Promphao; Supattra Puttan; Nonlapan Khantikulanon; Chaninan Praserttai; Sootthikarn Mungkhunthod; Phannathat Tanthanapanyakorn

Authors

Siriporn Utisthammakoon โรงพยาบาลส่งเสริมสุขภาพตำบลคลองมะละกอ ตำบลสระขวัญ อำเภอเมืองสระแก้ว จังหวัดสระแก้ว
Chanida Waennin ) โรงพยาบาลส่งเสริมสุขภาพตำบลคลองมะละกอ ตำบลสระขวัญ อำเภอเมืองสระแก้ว จังหวัดสระแก้ว
Khansuda Scott สาขาวิชาสาธารณสุขศาสตร์ คณะสาธารณสุขศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏวไลยอลงกรณ์ ในพระบรมราชูปถัมภ์
Suchanuch Promphao สาขาวิชาสาธารณสุขศาสตร์ คณะสาธารณสุขศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏวไลยอลงกรณ์ ในพระบรมราชูปถัมภ์
Supattra Puttan สาขาวิชาสาธารณสุขศาสตร์ คณะสาธารณสุขศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏวไลยอลงกรณ์ ในพระบรมราชูปถัมภ์
Nonlapan Khantikulanon สาขาวิชาอนามัยสิ่งแวดล้อม คณะสาธารณสุขศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏวไลยอลงกรณ์ ในพระบรมราชูปถัมภ์
Chaninan Praserttai สาขาวิชาอนามัยสิ่งแวดล้อม คณะสาธารณสุขศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏวไลยอลงกรณ์ ในพระบรมราชูปถัมภ์
Sootthikarn Mungkhunthod สาขาวิชาสาธารณสุขศาสตร์ คณะสาธารณสุขศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏวไลยอลงกรณ์ ในพระบรมราชูปถัมภ์
Phannathat Tanthanapanyakorn Valaya Alongkorn Rajabhat University under the Royal Patronage Pathum Thani Province https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7825-2429

Keywords:

Anemia, Children Aged 9-12 Months, Nutrition Educational, Thai-Cambodian Border Provinces

Abstract

Iron deficiency anemia is a significant concern, especially in young children, as it impacts their growth and development. Parental involvement is crucial in meeting developmental milestones and preventing anemia. The study utilized a quasi-experimental two-group pretest-posttest design to assess the effects of a nutrition education program on the parents of children aged 9 to 12 months with iron deficiency anemia, specifically those living in rural areas of the Thai-Cambodian border province. The sample consisted of parents of 9 to 12-month-old children with anemia who were at least 20 years old and resided in the Sa Khwan subdistrict, Mueang Sa Kaeo District, Sa Kaeo Province. Using multi-stage sampling, 70 participants were divided into an intervention group (n=35) and a control group (n=35). The intervention group engaged in a nutrition education program centered on anemia in children aged 9 to 12 months over 12 weeks, with biweekly sessions totaling seven sessions. In contrast, the control group received a booklet on nutrition education related to anemia in children aged 9 to 12 months. Data collection occurred between January and April 2024 at two-time points: before and after the intervention, using questionnaires. Data were analyzed through descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, and paired t-tests. The results revealed statistically significant differences in mean scores for knowledge about nutrition education concerning anemia (Mean diff.= 3.54), attitudes toward nutrition education for anemia (Mean diff.= 7.06), and parental behavior associated with nutrition education (Mean diff.= 5.14) between the intervention and control groups at after intervention (p-value <0.001). Moreover, within-group comparisons in the intervention group showed that mean scores for knowledge about nutrition education regarding anemia (Mean diff.= -2.83), attitudes toward nutrition education for anemia (Mean diff.= -6.43), and parental behavior related to nutrition education (Mean diff.= -5.34) significantly improved after the intervention compared to before the intervention (p-value<0.001). The findings demonstrate that the program effectively enhanced parents' knowledge, attitudes, and child-rearing behaviors regarding anemia in children aged 9 to 12 months. These results can inform the development of guidelines or manuals for child health care, particularly in preventing and treating anemia.

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