Development of a Process Model for Promoting Development and Emotional Intelligence in Early Childhood Children Aged 3-5 Years in Kalasin Province

Abstract

This research and development (R&D) study aimed to explore, design, implement, and evaluate a holistic intervention model for enhancing developmental and emotional intelligence (EQ) promotion among early childhood children (aged
3-5 years) in Kalasin Province, Thailand. Applying Stufflebeam’s CIPP evaluation model (Context, Input, Process, Product), the study integrated mixed-method analyses (quantitative and qualitative). The sample comprised 993 child-primary caregiver pairs. Data were collected from October 2022 to August 2023 using standardized tools: the DSPM manual, a caregiver skill assessment questionnaire, and an EQ evaluation form. Statistical analyses included frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and paired t-tests to compare pre- and post-intervention outcomes.

Key findings revealed that the intervention combining teacher capacity building, community-based integration (“1,000 Days Plus to 2,500 Days” initiative), and family-centered positive discipline programs (5 sessions) significantly improved outcomes. Post-intervention: 72.2% of caregivers met the threshold for improved child-rearing skills (p-value<0.001; 95% CI: 12.9-14.6). Children with suspected developmental delays showed marked progress: Motor skills: 99.7% passed, Fine motor skills: 76.8%, Language comprehension: 76.8%, Expressive language: 76.6%, Self-help/social skills: 78.9%. EQ scores increased significantly (p-value<0.001; mean difference=6.9; 95% CI: 6.3-7.4). The model’s success underscores the efficacy of multi-sectoral collaboration (health, education, family) in early childhood development, with implications for public health policies targeting holistic child well-being.