Exposure And Health Risk Assessment Of Formaldehyde Exposure Among White Shrimp Pond Preparation Workers In White Shrimp Nursery Farms.
Keywords:
Formaldehyde, Exposure assessments, Shrimp hatcheryAbstract
Formaldehyde is a human carcinogen and also cause eyes, respiratory system and skin irritation. Formaldehyde has been utilized to eliminate pathogens in aquaculture. White shrimp nursery workers may have long-term health consequences from exposure to formaldehyde in the workplace. This research aimed to assess exposure and health risks of formaldehyde exposure via inhalation in white shrimp ponds preparation process. Study areas were 2 shrimp farms in Eastern of Thailand. Data were collected using questionnaires and work observation. Personal formaldehyde concentrations were measured at breathing zone level of 30 workers according to NIOSH 2541. Health risks of formaldehyde exposure were assessed according to US EPA guidelines. The results showed that the 8-hour time weighted average concentration of formaldehyde was 51.2 mg/m3. For cancer risk assessment, Exposure concentration (ECcancer) were 20.6 – 23.6 µg/m3 and cancer risks (CR) were 26.8x10-5- 30.7x10-5 which is unacceptable. For non-cancer risk assessment, Exposure concentration (ECnon-cancer) were 305.0 µg/m3- 349.3 µg/m3 with the Hazard quotient (HQ) of 31.0-35.5 indicating an increased risk of non-cancer. Therefore, preventive measures against exposure to formaldehyde should be established to reduce the health risks by substituting formalin with the less harmful chemicals during fumigation step or reducing amount of formalin used by considering the appropriate amount that capable of killing pathogens in white shrimps.
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