Food Consumption Behavior for High Risk of Stroke in Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Phakhao Hospital, Phakhao District, Loei Province

Abstract

The study aims to describe food consumption behavior for high risk of stroke in diabetes mellitus patients and analyze the relationship between predisposing factors, enabling factors, and reinforcing factors and food consumption behavior for high risk of stroke in diabetes mellitus patients among 240 diabetes mellitus patients in Phakhao Hospital, Phakhao District, Loei Province. Descriptive statistics of Frequency, Percentage, Mean, Standard Deviation (SD), Max, and Min were employed. Chi-square, Crude OR, 95% CI of OR, Multiple Logistic Regression, Adjusted Or, 95% CI of OR were also operated.

The study found that food consumption behavior of diabetes mellitus patients in overall were in good level (2.34-3.00) for 45.83 percent, moderate level (1.67-2.33) for 35.83 percent, and needed improvement level (1.00-1.66) for 18.33 percent, respectively. The evaluation of food consumption behavior for high risk of stroke (sweet, oily, and salty) found that diabetes mellitus patients mostly consume sweet, oily, and salty food in needed improvement level 82.8 percent, 93.75 percent, and 93.33 percent respectively.

The relationship between predisposing factors, enabling factors, and reinforcing factors and food consumption behavior for high risk of stroke in diabetes mellitus patients found that predisposing factors; the diabetes mellitus patients had knowledge about stroke in moderate level. Their food consumption behaviors were at risk of stroke for 1.27 times comparing with the diabetes mellitus patients had knowledge about stroke in high level (OR_adj=1.58; 95% CI=1.48-2.85, p-value=0.025) with statistically significant (p-value<0.05). The diabetes mellitus patients with enabling factors such as food adequate, food access, and food benefit in low level, their food consumption behaviors were at risk of stroke for 2.24 times comparing with the diabetes mellitus patients had knowledge about stroke in moderate level (OR_adj.= 2.24; 95% CI=1.29-3.88, p-value=0.004) with statistically significant (p-value<0.05).