Factors Correlated to Pulmonary Tuberculosis among Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Yasothon Province

Abstract

This unmatched case-control study aimed to investigate factors associated with
pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) among diabetes mellitus (DM) patients in Yasothon province,
who were registered at TB clinics in government hospitals in Yasothon province between 1
October, 2013 to 30 September, 2014. Cases were 110 DM patients with new PTB and
Controls were 220 DM patients without PTB. Data collection were using by the interview
questionnaire and TB record forms. Data analysis was used to describe baseline
characteristic of subjects by using frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation.
Multivariate analysis was performed to identify the associated factors by using multiple
logistic regressions of 95%CI adjusted odds ratio (ORadj).
The results show DM patients with PTB had balance male and female gender,
average age was 59.84 years (S.D.=11.84) and that most agriculturist 67.3 percent. DM
patients without PTB had most female gender 51.8 percent, average age was 60.36 years
(S.D.=10.07) and that most agriculturist 79.1 percent. Result of multivariate analysis, when
confounding variables (age and gender) were controlled, showed the statistically significant
factors associated with PTB among DM patients were: male are protective factor (ORadj=
0.18; 95% CI=0.06-0.58) smoker/ex-smokers (ORadj=8.35; 95% CI=2.42-28.85) household contact
with a TB patient (ORadj=15.73; 95% CI=6.79-36.45) contact with people who have chronic
cough (ORadj=2.21; 95% CI=1.07-4.56) HbA1c level more than 7% (ORadj=5.69; 95% CI=2.80-11.53)
have been out patient department OPD (ORadj=2.70; 95% CI=1.33-5.46) and an inpatient
admission to hospital (ORadj=3.26; 95% CI=1.69-6.29).
In conclusion, the findings of this study demonstrate that, in order to prevent the
spread of TB in hospital facilities, there is a need for a TB screening programme, especially
for those who have had household contact with a TB patient. Health education of DM
patients is also needed to increase their awareness of the importance of controlling blood
glucose levels and appropriate self-care behavior.