Prevalence and Factors Associated with Pulmonary Tuberculosis among Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Sakonnakhon province

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the non-communicable disease linked to the other disease.
Diabetes mellitus patients risk to finding pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). This unmatched
case-control study aimed to study factors associated with PTB among DM patients in
Sakonnakhon province. The subjects was registered at TB clinics in 6government hospitals
in Sakonnakhon province during 1 October, 2010 to 30 September, 2012. Cases were 119
DM patients with PTB and Controls were 238 DM patients without PTB. Data collection was
used by the interview technique and case record form. Data analysis was used to describe
baseline characteristic of subjects by using frequency, percentage, mean and standard
deviation. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify the associated factors by using
multiple logistic regressions of 95%CI adjusted odds ratio (ORadj).
The results show that from 13,636 DM patients were screening. The prevalence
rate of new PTB cases among DM was 9.9 cases per 1,000 DM patients (135 DM with new
PTB). The analysis of multiple variable logistic regression with the control of confounding
factors, age and sex, the factors associated to PTB among DM patients having a statistically
significant were: being male (ORadj=3.15; 95% CI=1.79-5.53), HbA1c level more than 7% (ORadj=7.42;
95% CI = 3.78-14.59), not under the universal coverage program (ORadj=5.83; 95% CI=2.27-
14.97), household contact with tuberculosis patient (ORadj=5.05; 95% CI= 2.68-9.50), and
lived in slum (ORadj=3.29; 95% CI=1.46-7.40).
From the results of this study it is conclude that diabetes mellitus patients had a
high prevalence rate of pulmonary tuberculosis. The screening program for tuberculosis
among diabetes mellitus patients, especially who do not control blood level or/and had
TB patient in the same family. We should be provided health promotion to caregivers and
village health volunteers, in order to rapid active case finding, registered the new tuberculosis
cases and prevented the transmission of tuberculosis in community.