Factors Associated with Osteopenia in Preterm Infants Weighing Less than 1500 Grams
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Abstract
Objective: To study the prevalence and factors associated with osteopenia in preterm infants weighing less than 1,500 grams. Methods: Descriptive part of this study identified the total population of preterm infants weighing less than 1500 grams and being diagnosed with osteopenia, who were admitted to Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health from January 1st, 2017 to June 30th, 2022 in order to calculate their prevalence. Subsequently, a retrospective unmatched case-control study was conducted by collected data from inpatient medical records of eligible infants chosen by systematic random sampling. The subjects were divided into 220 infants with no osteopenia in the control group and 55 osteopenic infants diagnosed by physicians with the ICD-10 code E83.3 in the study group. Results: Osteopenia were found in 130 preterm infants weighing less than 1500 grams, out of 654 cases (19.88%). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that seven factors were associated with osteopenia, including small for gestational age (OR 8.26; 95%CI 2.66 – 25.64), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (OR 4.94; 95%CI 2.13 – 11.44), upper gastrointestinal bleeding (OR 4.82; 95%CI 1.74 – 13.34), cholestasis (OR 3.49; 95%CI 1.37 – 8.89), insulin infusion (OR 14.36; 95%CI 1.93 – 106.76), starting phosphorus infusion at the infants' age older than 2 days (3 days, OR 3.13; 95%CI 1.11 – 8.78; ≥ 4 days, OR 7.05; 95%CI 2.21 – 22.45) and duration of parenteral nutrition longer than 28 days (OR 6.19; 95%CI 2.63 – 14.53). Conclusion: Osteopenia was still commonly found in preterm infants weighing less than 1500 grams. Healthcare professionals should closely monitor the occurrence of complications in infants with osteopenia associated factors including small for gestational age, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, upper gastrointestinal bleeding, cholestasis, insulin infusion, starting phosphorus infusion at the infants' age older than 2 days and duration of parenteral nutrition longer than 28 days and provide early appropriate nutritional support to the infants.
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ผลการวิจัยและความคิดเห็นที่ปรากฏในบทความถือเป็นความคิดเห็นและอยู่ในความรับผิดชอบของผู้นิพนธ์ มิใช่ความเห็นหรือความรับผิดชอบของกองบรรณาธิการ หรือคณะเภสัชศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยสงขลานครินทร์ ทั้งนี้ไม่รวมความผิดพลาดอันเกิดจากการพิมพ์ บทความที่ได้รับการเผยแพร่โดยวารสารเภสัชกรรมไทยถือเป็นสิทธิ์ของวารสารฯ
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