Knowledge and Skills for the Practice of Clinical Pharmacists in the Digital Transformation Era in Thailand

Abstract

Objective: To investigate and identify the new skills and knowledge required for the advancement of clinical pharmacy practice in the digital transformation era. Method: The research adopted a mixed-method approach, incorporating concept mapping approach. Participants were 24 stakeholders purposively chosen from representatives of hospital pharmacists and faculty members of the Pharmacy Department at Mahasarakham University. The study included conducting in-depth interviews with the participants and organizing group discussions to brainstorm responses to the focus question--"What skills and knowledge are needed to meet the requirements of clinical pharmacy practice in the future, particularly in the digital transformation era?", and the grouping of ideas and data analysis using multidimensional scaling and hierarchical cluster analysis to generate concept maps. Results: In-depth interviews revealed several challenges faced by pharmacists in the field, including increased workloads and a shortage of personnel, establishment of network for patient databases and a lack of essential skills, such as proficiency in utilizing technology. The study identified four categories of knowledge and skills deemed essential for clinical pharmacists in the digital transformation era through the brainstorming and grouping of ideas and scoring of their importance and feasibility in practice, They included 1) knowledge and skills in pharmaceutical care, 2) knowledge and skills in information management and application, 3) knowledge and skills in the utilization of new technology and 4) knowledge and skills in communication. Conclusion: To thrive in the digital transformation era, pharmacists must possess knowledge and skills related to the use of emerging technologies and effective data management. These capabilities are essential for the advancement of clinical pharmacy practice.