Time-driven Activity-based Cost of Primary Care Pharmacy Service for Chronic Conditions among the Elderly Patients at Community Health Center and Sai Thai Contract Units of Primary Care, Krabi Province, Thailand
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Objectives: To determine cost of primary care pharmacy services for chronic diseases among elderly at Community Health Center and Sai Thai health service network (sub-district health promoting hospital or SDHPH and community pharmacy) in Sai Thai sub-district, Muang district, Krabi. Methods: A time-driven activity-based costing method was applied to primary care pharmacy services. Bootstrapping technique was adopted to determine the variation of time spent on each activity. Results: Total cost of primary care pharmacy service for elderlies with chronic diseases consisted of total cost for screening services at community pharmacy, total costs of dispensing service and total cost for home health visit at community health center with the cost of 45.99, 58.61 and 305.06, respectively. The cost of services at Sai Thai SDHPH was not found. The study could not compare total costs of primary care pharmacy service for elderlies with chronic diseases between Sai Thai SDPH and community pharmacy because there were no services provided by a pharmacist at Sai Thai SDPH. Conclusions: Providers and those in primary care pharmacy service could apply the study results for further developing the effective primary care pharmacy service.
Article Details
ผลการวิจัยและความคิดเห็นที่ปรากฏในบทความถือเป็นความคิดเห็นและอยู่ในความรับผิดชอบของผู้นิพนธ์ มิใช่ความเห็นหรือความรับผิดชอบของกองบรรณาธิการ หรือคณะเภสัชศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยสงขลานครินทร์ ทั้งนี้ไม่รวมความผิดพลาดอันเกิดจากการพิมพ์ บทความที่ได้รับการเผยแพร่โดยวารสารเภสัชกรรมไทยถือเป็นสิทธิ์ของวารสารฯ
References
2. Bureau of Health Promotion. Report of Thai elderly health survey in the years 2013 under the action plan of elderly and disable people health promotion. Nonthaburi; Ministry of Public Health; 2013.
3. Ploylearmsang C, Tienkanithikul K, Chobpradit J, Soonthorn S, Suwannkesawong W. Development of medicine list for screening and reducing medica tion-related problems in Thai elderly. Nonthaburi: Health System Research Institute; 2013.
4. Ladhani NN, Majumdar SR, Johnson JA, Tsuyuki RT, Lewanczuk RZ, Spooner R, et al. Adding pharma cists to primary care teams reduces predicted long-term risk of cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetic patients without established cardiovascular disease : results from a randomized trial. Diabet Med 2012; 29: 1433-9.
5. Lalonde L, Hudon E, Goudreau J, Be´langer D, Villeneuve J, Perreault S, et al. Physician-pharma cist collaborative care in dyslipidemia management: The perception of clinicians and patients. Res So cial Adm Pharm 2011; 7: 233-45.
6. Sookaneknun P, Saramunee K, Rattarom R, Kongsri S, Senanok R, Pinitkit P, et al. Economic analysis of the diabetes and hypertension screening collabo ration between community pharmacies and a Thai government primary care unit. Prim Care Diabetes 2010; 4: 155-64.
7. Loerouengsup A, Horsaengchai W. Comparison of TDABC and conventional ABC according to the pro cess of product distribution: A case in a distribution company [independent study]. Pathumthani: Tham masat University ; 2008.
8. Gregório J, Russo G, Lapão LV. Pharmaceutical ser vices cost analysis using time-driven activity-based costing: A contribution to improve community phar macies' management. Res Social Adm Pharm 2016 ; 12: 475-85.
9. Gladwell M. Blink: the power of thinking without think ing. London: Penguin Books; 2006.
10. Office of Public Accounting Standards. Guideline of unit cost calculation for public services in the fiscal years 2014. Bangkok: The Comptroller General's Department; 2014.
11. Bureau of Strategic and Planning. Pay for perfor mance: P4P. Nonthaburi: Ministry of Public Health; 2012.
12. Gregorio J, Cavaco AM, Lapao LV. How to best manage time interaction with patients? Community pharmacist workload and service provision analy sis. Res Social Adm Pharm. 2017;13:133-47.
13. Keawcharoen O, Reabroy L, Saibunsree G, Srisak C, Saktasna S, Pannarunothai S. Unit cost for primary care: a case study at primary care unit with joint costs between municipality, regional hospital and university. Buddhachinaraj Medical Journal 2010; 24: 73-81
14. Ip EJ, Shah BM, Yu J, Chan J, Nguyen LT, Bhatt DC. Enhancing diabetes care by adding a pharma cist to the primary care team. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2013; 70: 877-86.
15. Lamb KD, Baker JW, McFarland MS. Implemen tation of a pharmacotherapy clinic into the patient centered medical home model by a second year pharmacy resident. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2015; 72: 83-9.