การใช้ปัญญาประดิษฐ์เชิงสร้างสรรค์ในการศึกษา: โอกาส ความเสี่ยง และแนวทางกำกับดูแลสำหรับสถาบันอุดมศึกษาไทย
คำสำคัญ:
ปัญญาประดิษฐ์เชิงสร้างสรรค์, อุดมศึกษาไทย, การกำกับดูแล AI, พันธกิจสถาบันอุดมศึกษา, นโยบายเทคโนโลยีการศึกษาบทคัดย่อ
ปัจจุบันสถาบันอุดมศึกษานำปัญญาประดิษฐ์เชิงสร้างสรรค์ (Generative Artificial Intelligence: GenAI) มาใช้เพิ่มขึ้นในการจัดการเรียนการสอน การวิจัย และการบริการวิชาการ แต่ยังเผชิญความท้าทายด้านความซื่อสัตย์ทางวิชาการ อคติของอัลกอริทึม การคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล และความเหลื่อมล้ำทางดิจิทัล ขณะที่แนวทางกำกับดูแลในบริบทอุดมศึกษาไทยยังไม่ชัดเจน บทความนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อสังเคราะห์องค์ความรู้เกี่ยวกับโอกาส ความเสี่ยง และแนวทางกำกับดูแล GenAI ในพันธกิจหลักของสถาบันอุดมศึกษาไทย โดยใช้การทบทวนวรรณกรรมเชิงวิเคราะห์แบบบรรยาย ผลการวิเคราะห์พบว่า GenAI มีศักยภาพในการยกระดับการเรียนรู้ เร่งรัดการวิจัย ขยายบริการวิชาการ อนุรักษ์มรดกวัฒนธรรมดิจิทัล และเพิ่มประสิทธิภาพการบริหารจัดการ ขณะเดียวกันยังมีความเสี่ยงด้านความซื่อสัตย์ทางวิชาการ อคติทางอัลกอริทึม การถดถอยของทักษะการคิด การคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล และความเหลื่อมล้ำในการเข้าถึงเทคโนโลยี ผลการสังเคราะห์นำไปสู่การเสนอกรอบแนวคิดการกำกับดูแล GenAI สำหรับสถาบันอุดมศึกษาไทย โดยบูรณาการการกำกับดูแลระดับนโยบาย สถาบัน และการปฏิบัติ เพื่อสร้างสมดุลระหว่างนวัตกรรมและการบริหารความเสี่ยง
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