Acute Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis: Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Complications in Saraburi Hospital
Keywords:
Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis, Pediatric, ComplicationsAbstract
Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN) is a common form of glomerulonephritis in children. The prognosis is excellent in most cases. However, some may suffer from acute kidney injury. This retrospective research collected data from medical records of children who were diagnosed with APSGN and admitted at Saraburi Hospital between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2022 to evaluate prevalence, clinical manifestations, investigations, outcomes, and risk factors associated with complications of APSGN. Statistical analyses were conducted using the Chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test.
Ninety-four patients were enrolled. The mean age was 8.7 years old, and the majority was male (69.2%). The peak was August. The preceding upper respiratory tract infection was 37.2%. Clinical manifestations were hypertension (96.2%) An elevated in anti-DNAse B and ASO titer were detected in 90.3% and 84.9%, respectively. Complications were acute kidney injury (AKI) (70.2%) and rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) (12.8%). Gross hematuria was significantly associated with AKI (p-value 0.048). Gross hematuria and urine protein ≥ 3+ were significantly associated with RPGN (p-value 0.046 and 0.001, respectively).
In conclusion, gross hematuria was a significant risk factor for AKI, and gross hematuria and urine protein ≥ 3+ were significant risk factors for RPGN.
Downloads
References
Rodriguez-Iturbe B, Najafian B, Sila A, Alpers CE. Acute postinfectious glomerulonephritis. In: Avner ED, Harmon WE, Naudet P, Yoshikawa N, Emma F, Goldstein SL, editors. Pediatric Nephrology. 7th ed. Berlin: Springer; 2016.p.959-69.
Eison TM, Ault BH, Jones DP, Chesney RW, Wyatt RJ. Post-streptococcal acute glomerulonephritis in children: clinical features and pathogenesis. Pediatr Nephrol 2011;16:165-80.
Yoshizawa N. Acute glomerulonephritis. Intern Med 2000;39:687-94.
Tasic V. Postinfectious glomerulonephritis. In: Geary D, Schaefer F, editors. Comprehensive pediatric nephrology. 1st ed. Philadelphia: Mosby; 2008.P.309-17.
Kasahara T, Hayakawa H, Okubo S, Okugawa T, Kabuki N, Tomizawa S, et al. Prognosis of acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN) is excellent in children, when adequately diagnosed. Pediatr Int 2001;43:364-7.
Dreakhshan A, Hekmat VR. Acute Glomerulonephritis in Southern Iran. Iran J Pediatr 2008;18:143-8.
Takeno S, Wisanuyotin S, Jiravuttipong A, Sirivichayakul C, Limkittikul K. Risk factor and outcome of atypical acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis in pediatrics. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 2013;44:281-8.
Becquet O, Pasche J, Gatti H, Chenel C, Abely M, Morville P, et al. Acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis in children of French Polynesia: a 3-year retrospective study. Pediatr Nephrol 2010;25:275-80.
Yuniarchan S, Prasetyo RV, Soemyarso NA, Noer MS. Risk factors for hypertensive crisis in children with acute glomerulonephritis. Pediatr Indones 2015;56:101-6.
Yusof W, Adlina W, Majdi N. Clinical predictors of acute kidney injury in children with acute post-streptococcal
glomerulonephritis a tertiary centre experience. Singapore Medical Journal 2023;20:1-4.
Kaplan EL, Rothermel CD, Johnson DR. Antistreptolysis O and anti-deoxyribonuclease B titers: normal values for children ages 2 to 12 in the United States. Pediatrics 1998;101:86-8.
Pan CG, Avner ED. Glomerulonephritis Associated with Infections. In: Kliegman RM, Stanton BF, St Geme JW, Behrman RE, editors. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 20thed. Canada: Elsevier; 2016.p.2498-501.
VanDeVoorde RG. Acute Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis: The Most Common Acute Glomerulonephritis. Pediatrics in Review 2015;36:3-13.
D’Cruz F, Samsudin AT, Hamid MS, Abraham T. Acute glomerulonephritis in Kelantan--a prospective study. Med J Malaysia 1990;45:123-30.
Muscatello DJ, O'Grady KA, Neville K, McAnulty J. Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis: public health implications of recent clusters in New South Wales and epidemiology of hospital admissions. Epidemiol Infect. 2001;126:365-72.
Marshall CS, Cheng AC, Markey PG, Towers RJ, Richardson LJ, Fagan PK, et al. Acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis in the Northern Territory of Australia: a review of 16 years data and comparison with the literature. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2011;85:703-10.
Ilyas M, Tolaymat A. Changing epidemiology of acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis in Northeast Florida: a comparative study. Pediatr Nephrol 2008;23:1101-6.
Rodriguez-Iturbe B, Musser JM. The Current State of Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis. J Am Soc Nephrol 2008;19:1855–64.
Pinto SWL, Mastroianni-Kirsztajn G, Sesso R, Seguro AC. Ten-Year Follow-up of Patients with Epidemic Post Infectious Glomerulonephritis. PLoS One 2015;10:1-9.
Kuem SW, Hur SM, Youn YS, Rhim JW, Suh JS, Lee KY. Changes in Acute Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis: An Observation Study at a Single Korean Hospital Over Two Decades. Child Kidney Dis 2015;19:112-7.
Elzouki AY. Poatstreptococcal Acute Glomerulonephritis. In: Elzouki AY, Harfi HA, Nazer H, Stapleton FB, Oh W, Whitley RJ, editors. Textbook of Clinical Pediatric. 2thEd. Berlin: Springer; 2012.p.2743-8.
Flynn JT, Falkner BE. New clinical practice guideline for the management of high blood pressure in children and adolescents. Hypertension 2017;70:683-6.
ธีรวัฒน์ บุดดาวงศ์. โรคไตอักเสบเฉียบพลันจากการติดเชื้อสเตรปโตคอคคัสในเด็ก:อุบัติการณ์ ลักษณะทางคลินิกผลการรักษาและการประมาณน้ำหนักที่แท้จริง. วารสารกุมารเวชศาสตร์ 2561;57:123-32.
Karakaya D, Gungor T, Cakici EK, Yazilitas F, Celikkaya E, Yucebas SC, et al. Predictors of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis in acute Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis. Pediatric Nephrology 2023;38:3027-33.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Singburi Hospital Journal
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
The published articles are copyrighted by Singburi Hospital.
The statements appearing in each article in this academic journal are the personal opinions of each author and are not related in any way to Singburi Hospital or other hospital personnel. Each author is solely responsible for all contents of their article. If there are any errors, each author alone will be responsible for their own article.
