The outcome of Diabetic Macular Edema after receiving Intravitreal Bevazicumab injection by Optical Coherence Tomography in King Narai Hospital
Keywords:
Diabetic macular edema, Intravitreal Bevazicumab, Optical Coherence TomographyAbstract
Diabetic macular edema (DME) is the vascular dysfunction caused by the breakdown of the inner and outer blood-retinal barrier. Intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) injection is a first line therapy. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive technology to assess and monitor the treatment of DME. The objective is to study the outcome of DME after IVB treatment by OCT. A prospective descriptive study was carried out in 64 DME patients, 80 eyes, undergoing IVB treatment from 1 September 2022 - 31 August 2023. The morphological patterns were done by OCT and classified into 3 patterns: diffuse retinal thickening (DRT), cystoid macular edema (CME), and serous retinal detachment (SRD). Changes in central subfield thickness (CST) and best correction visual acuity (BCVA) after the treatment were compared. The analytical statistics comprised descriptive statistics, pair t-test and one way ANOVA.
The DME patients’ 80 eyes were found to have 37 DRT, 27 CME and 16 SRD. Treatment with IVB was conducted in 3 groups. According to the treatment outcome, CST decreased (meanCST1-meanCST6= 341.03±64.87-216.30±20.80, p-value<.05) and improvement in BCVA (LogMAR) (meanlogmar1- meanlogmar6 = .84±.37-.22±.08, p-value<.05). Change in CST was statistically significant among three groups and CST of DRT group was better than that of the other two groups. There was no statistically significant variation among three groups regarding the change in BCVA (p=0.458).
After the treatment, CST in three groups decreased and there was improvement in BCVA. After all three groups received IVB injection in all patterns, the macular edema decreased with visual improvement. OCT was found appropriate for the monitoring of treatment and clinical study.
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