Effects of the Combination of Exercises on the Reduction of the Risk of Falls in the Elderly: A Systematic Review
Keywords:
Balance training, Combination of exercises, Elderly with Osteoarthritis of the knee, FallsAbstract
The elderly are those whose body systems may experience deterioration and are most likely to suffer from falls. This research is a systematic review of literature. To synthesize the knowledge of the effects of combined exercises on reducing falls in the elderly. Data were collected from research studies published from 2017 to 2022. Clinical appraisals were conducted using Heller's assessment form. Data were extracted using a data extraction form. The study found 10 related papers which met the inclusion criteria. A content summary analysis was conducted to describe the characteristics of combined exercises on reducing the risk of falls in the elderly in the community.
The results of the study showed that the samples consisted of 1,165 people, aged between 60-83 years. The study locations were Thailand, Malaysia, Portugal, the United States of America, Spain, and Iran. The combined exercises which could reduce the risk of falls included balance training, virtual reality exercise, proprioception training, strength training, reaction time exercise training with auditory cues, psychomotor intervention program, whole-body vibration program, aerobic exercise, dual task cognitive function, stretching exercise, tai chi exercise, and walking in place. They were found to promote coordination between the nervous system and the skeletal muscle system.
Conclusion: A combination of exercises had a positive effect on balance and physical performance and could reduce the risk of falls in the elderly. They also resulted in the improvement of balance and physical performance in the elderly.
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