RISK FACTORS OF INFECTIOUS PERITONITIS OF CAPD PATIENTS IN PHAN HOSPITAL
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) is a renal replacement therapy for end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. Peritoneal infection, peritonitis is a major cause of death and technical failure in ESRD patients receiving CAPD treatment. Previous studies demonstrated that lower serum albumin, higher body mass index and diabetic kidney disease were associated with an increasing in incidence of peritonitis. However, the demographics of the patients in the Phan Hospital such as gender, age, socioeconomic status and various other factors were different from the patients in the previous studies.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the risk factors of infectious peritonitis and causative organisms among CAPD patients in Phan Hospital.
METHODS: This study was a retrospective case control study in ESRD patients who received CAPD treatment during 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2021 at Phan Hospital and adhered to the treatment for at least 1 year. The patients were divided into two groups 1) the patients who got infectious peritonitis and 2) the patients who did not get infectious peritonitis. The medical records were reviewed and the data were analyzed using the exact probability test, t-test, chi-square test, as appropriate.
RESULTS: Of 97 patients, 38 patients (39.18%) had infectious peritonitis and 59 patients (60.82%) had no infectious peritonitis. The risk factors of infectious peritonitis were low serum albumin (95%CI 0.05 – 0.50, p = 0.002), low serum sodium (95%CI 0.75 – 0.98, p = 0.028) and urine volume < 500 ml/day (95%CI 0.08 – 0.76, p = 0.014). The major causative agents were gram negative bacteria.
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: Low serum albumin, low serum sodium and urine volume < 500 ml/day were the risk factors of infectious peritonitis. Therefore, good nutrition and preservation of urine production may decrease the incidence of infectious peritonitis in CAPD patients.
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