Development of an empowerment model for self-management among asthma patients with allergic rhinitis
Keywords:
Empowerment, Self-Management, Continuity of care service, Asthma patients with allergic rhinitisAbstract
Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease that affects patients’ quality of life. Patients require continuous care, along with appropriate health behaviors. This research and development study aimed to examine the current situation of service delivery for asthma patients, utilize the findings to develop an empowerment-based self-management model for asthma patients with co-occurring allergic conditions, and investigate the outcomes of implementation of the developed model. A purposively selected sample consisted of seven multidisciplinary members providing care to asthma patients and 50 co-morbid asthma patients with allergic rhinitis. The research instruments included a semi-structured interview for focus group discussion, a general information questionnaire, an asthma symptom and treatment outcome assessment, and a self-management behavior questionnaire. The inter-rater reliability of the asthma symptom and treatment outcome assessment was .90 and the Cronbach's Alpha Coefficient reliability of self-management behavior questionnaire was .802. The findings revealed that the current care model lacked clearly defined empowerment strategies, uninitiated and noncontagious care, and comprehensive evaluation of health behavior outcomes. The developed model incorporated a unified care approach based on the concept of patient empowerment across three phases—Pre-hospital, In-hospital, and Post-hospital—designed and implemented collaboratively by multidisciplinary care providers and patients’ participation. Evaluation outcomes showed that patients experienced significant improvements in symptom control, physical functioning, and self-management behaviors (p < .001). This research suggests that this empowering self-management model should be applied to patients with other chronic illnesses to enhance self-management behavior and improve clinical outcomes.
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