Spiritual Well-Being of Older Adults with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study in Ubon Ratchathani
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Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common health problem among older adults and affects physical, psychological, social, and spiritual well-being. Spiritual well-being is an important factor that helps older adults adapt to chronic illness and maintain quality of life. This descriptive cross-sectional study aimed to examine the level of spiritual well-being among older adults with stage 1–3 CKD and an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 30–90 mL/min in Ubon Ratchathani Province, Thailand. A purposive sample of 383 participants was recruited from two randomly selected districts. Data were collected from March to July 2021 using a demographic questionnaire and a 31-item Spiritual Well-Being Questionnaire for Older Adults with Chronic Kidney Disease. The instrument demonstrated excellent content validity (CVI = 0.96) and reliability (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.92). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviations.
The results showed that most participants were female (53.52%), aged 60–69 years (69.19%), Buddhist (100%), and married (91.38%). The majority had stage 3 CKD (76.50%) and more than one comorbid condition (66.32%). Overall spiritual well-being was at a moderately high level (Mean = 2.79, SD = 0.72). All dimensions of spiritual well-being were rated at a moderately high level. The highest mean score was observed in the dimension of joy and fulfillment in life and daily functioning (Mean = 2.86, SD = 0.72), whereas the lowest mean score was found in the dimension of acceptance of chronic illness (Mean = 2.72, SD = 0.70).
The findings revealed that older adults with CKD had a moderately high level of spiritual well-being. Nurses and healthcare teams should promote religious activities, encourage family involvement, and develop care interventions that foster acceptance of chronic illness. These strategies may contribute to enhancing spiritual well-being and improving the quality of life of older adults with CKD.
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