A Causal Relationship of Factors Influencing Glycemic Control Behavior Among the Elderly with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Uncontrolled Blood Sugar Levels
Keywords:
Elderly, Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Glycemic control behavior, Health LiteracyAbstract
The main objective of this mixed-methods research was to investigate the causal relationship between factors influencing glycemic control behaviors among the elderly with type 2 diabetes mellitus and uncontrolled blood sugar levels at Phrom Phiram Hospital in Phitsanulok Province. The researcher collected the data from 200 samples with a questionnaire at a reliability of 0.92 and tested the causal relationship model with Structural Equation Modeling--SEM implementation from February to June 2022. The results found that the majority of the sample was 84.5% female. 77.5% had HbA1C values of 7.0–7.9 mg/dL. 97.0% were taking medicines. 2.0% were taking injections, and 1.0% were taking pills and injections. The results of the causal relationship analysis were as follows: (1) Social support had a direct effect on health literacy (b=0.27 p-value<.05) and glycemic control behavior (b=0.08, p-value<.05). There was an indirect effect on glycemic control behavior through health literacy (b= 0.08 p-value<.05) and (2) self-efficacy had a direct effect on health literacy (b=0.49, p-value<.05) and glycemic control behavior (b=0.44 p-value<.05). There was an indirect effect on glycemic control behavior through health literacy (b=0.15 p-value<.05), and (3) health literacy had a direct effect on glycemic control behavior (b=0.30 p-value<.05). This study found that social support, self-efficacy, and health literacy co-explained the variance in glycemic control behavior at 43.0%.
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