Street Foods and Beverages: Consumers Safety
Keywords:
street foods street beverages food contamination food poisoningAbstract
Nowadays, the popularity of street food consumption is increasing because it is easy to find, inexpensive, and able to meet today’s lifestyle needs. However, street food and beverage consumers are at greater risk of illness from contaminated food intake than consuming food and beverages prepared in closed areas. This article aims to demonstrate the main factors that cause microbial contamination in food and beverage by reviewing research documents and reports both domestically and internationally regarding (1) readiness of food service providers (2) poor hygiene of food handlers (3) improper methods for storing raw materials and cooked food (4) cleanliness of utensils equipment (5) cleanliness of cooking environment (6) proper waste control and disposal (7) control of disease vectors (animals and insects), including reports of microbial contamination and case studies of food poisoning from street food and beverage consumption. It is expected that this study will not only be useful for stores and food handlers to make improvements in consumer safety, but also a way for consumers to observe and choose food and beverages from stores that have good hygienic practices.
References
References
Abdalla, S., Suliman, E., & Bakhiet, A. O. (2009). Identified that in food processing, food borne microbes can be introduced by the In-Plant Environment. Bioscience Discovery, 2(3), 350-354.
Barro, N., Razack, B., Itsiembou, Y., Savadogo, A., Tidiane, O., De, A., Philippe, N., & Traore, A. (2007). Street
vended foods improvement: Contamination mechanisms and application of food safety objective strategy, critical review. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 6(1), 1-10
Bello, O., Temitope, B. K., Muibat, F. O., & Oluwadun, A. (2014). Microbiological quality of some locally-produced fruit juices in Ogun State, South Western Nigeria. Journal of Microbiology Research, 2(1), 1-8.
Boer, E., & Hahne, M. (1990). Cross-contamination with Campylobacter jejuni and Salmonella spp. from Raw Chicken products during food preparation. Journal of Food Protection, 53, 1067-1068.
Chaiteaimwoang, N. (2014). Study of Microbial contamination in hand towels in food establishments. Food and Water Sanitation Journal, 5(2), 21-26.
Chaisatit, C., Tribuddharat, C., Pulsrikarn, C., & Dejsirilert, S. (2012). Molecular characterization of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria in contaminated chicken ceat sold at supermarkets in Bangkok, Thailand. Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases, 65(6), 527-534.
Damrongpingsakul, R., Nanthapong, N., & Soisungnern, P. (2011) Study of food sanitation situations and establishing food sanitation standards. Food and Water Sanitation Journal, 2(2), 12-19. (in Thai)
Ehsan, R., Shafiq, A., Hakim, S. T, & Nadeem, S. G. (2011). Bacterial contamination in Tetra Pack and street
vended fruit juice samples, RADS. Journal of Biological Research and Applied Sciences, 2(2), 11-17.
Heredia, N., & García, T. (2018). Animals as sources of food-borne pathogens: A review. Animal Nutrition, 4, 250-255. doi: 10.1016/j.aninu.2018.04.006
Humphrey,T. J., Martin, K. W., & Whitehead, A. (1994). Contamination of hands and work surfaces with
Salmonella enteritidis PT4 during the preparation of Egg Dishes. Epidemiology and Infection, 113(3), 403-409. doi: 10.1016/j.aninu.2018.04.006
Kok, R., & Balkaran, R. (2014). Street food vending and hygiene practices and implications for consumers. Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies, 6(3), 188-193.
Lee, L. A., Ostroff, Stephen, M., McGee, Harry, B., Johnson, David, R., Downes, Frances, P., Cameron, Daniel, N., Bean, Nancy, H., Griffin & Patricia, M. (1991). An outbreak of Shigellosis at an Outdoor Music Festival. American Journal of Epidemiology, 133(6), 608–615. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115933.
Lewis, J. E., Thompson, P., BVVBN Rao, Kalavati, C., & Rjanna, B. (2006). Human Bacteria in street vended fruit juices: A case study of Visakhapatnam City, India. Internet Journal of Food Safety, 8, 35-38.
Loken, J. K. (2004). The HACCP food safety manual. (2nd ed.) New York: John Wiley & Sons.
Lomsucka, T. (2017). The 14 coolest food trucks taking over Bangkok’s streets: The insider’s guide to Bangkok. Retrieved from http://bk.asia-city.com/restaurants/news/6-food-trucks-taking-over-bangkok.
Lues, J. F. R., Rasephei, M. R., Venter, P., & Theron, M. M. (2006). Assessing food safety and associated food handling practices in street food vending. International Journal of Environmental Health Research, 16(5), 319-328. doi:10.1080/09603120600869141
Mcswane, D., Rue, N., & Linton, R. (1999). Essentials of food safety and sanitation: Food safety fundamentals. Upper Saddle River. New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall.
Munro-Faure, P. (2016). Street foods, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fcit/food-processing/street-foods/en.
Mazizi, B., Muchenje, V., Makepe, M., & Mutero, G. (2017). Assessment of Aerobic Plate Counts, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella in meat sold by street vendors in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. Journal of Food and Nutrition Research, 5(6), 436-442.
Mensah, P., Owusu-Darko, K., Yeboah-Manu, D., & Ablordey, A. (1999). The role of street food vendors in transmission of Enteric Pathogens. Ghana Medical Journal, 33(1), 19-29.
Mensah, P., Owusu-Darko, K., Yeboah-Manu, D., & Ablordey, A. (2002). Street foods in Accra, Ghana: How safe are they?. Bull World Health Organ, 80(7), 546-554.
Mertz, E. (2016). AHS confirms more Salmonella cases linked to Indian food booth at Edmonton Folk Festival. Retrieved from Global News, https://globalnews.ca/news/3720444/ahs-confirms-more-salmonella-cases-linked-to-indian-food-booth-at-edmonton-folk-fest/.
Muyanja, C., Nayiga, L., Namugumya, B., & Nasinyama, G (2011). Practices, knowledge and risk factors of street food vendors in Uganda. Food Control, 22(10), 1551-1558.
Nanthaphong, N., & Sujirarat, D. (2017). Rates of food poisoning microbes in food traders in the Northeastern market. Food and Water Sanitation Journal, 8(2), 7-15.
Nicolas, B., Bello Abdoul, R., Savadogo, A., Ouattara Cheik Amadou, T., Jules, A. I., & Traoré Alfred, S. (2006). Hygienic status assessment of dish washing waters, utensils, hands and pieces of money from street food processing sites in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso). African Journal of Biotechnology, 5(11), 1107-1112.
Nuanmuang, N., & Kummasook, AK. (2018). Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance of Salmonella in Minced Pork from Retail Shops around the University of Phayao, Thailand. Naresuan University Journal: Science and Technology, 26(4), 9-16. (in Thai)
Okojie, P. W., & Isah, E. C. (2014) Sanitary conditions of food vending sites and food handling practices of street food vendors in Benin City, Nigeria: Implication for Food Hygiene and Safety. Journal of Environmental and Public Health, 2014, 1-6. Article ID: 701316, https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/701316.
Phromlikhitchai, J. (2015). Assessing food Sanitation situations in food establishments budget 2012-2014. Bangkok: Academic Research Bureau of Food and Water Sanitation Ministry of Public Health. (in Thai)
Public Health England. (2013). Street Spice Festival outbreak investigation concludes, Government of the United Kingdom. Retrieved from https://www.gov.uk/government/news/street-spice-festival-outbreak-investigation-concludes.
Rane, S. (2011). Street vended food in developing world: Hazard analyses. Indian Journal of Microbiology, 51(1), 100–106. doi: 10.1007/s12088-011-0154-x.
Reddy, K. R., Reddy, B. S., Doshi, D., Reddy, P., & Kulkarni, S. (2016). Identifcation of Specifc Microorganisms in Fresh Squeezed street vended fruit juices. Journal of Indian Association of Public Health Dentistry, 14(1), 84-87. doi: 10.4103/2319-5932.178728.
Sarker, N., Islam, S., Hasan, M., Kabir, F., Uddin, Md. A., & Noor, R. (2013). Use of multiplex PCR assay for detection of Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli in street vended food items. American Journal of Life Sciences, 1(6), 267-272.
Setheetham, D., Nathapindhu, G., Namkeaw, J., & Chantra, P. (2013). Situation of Microorganism contamination in ready to Eat Food: The case study at Khon Kaen and Udon Thani Provinces. KKU Journal for Public Health Research, 6(2), 154-159. (in Thai)
Siegner, C. (2015). 9 confirmed, 1 probable case in Seattle E. coli outbreak in Seattle E. coli outbreak. Retrieved from Food Safety News. Retrieved from https://www.foodsafetynews.com/2015/09/6-e-coli-cases-linked-to-mexican-food-sold-at-washington-farmers-markets/.
Steinbach, A. W., & Wang, K. E. (2017). E. coli outbreak temporarily closes Chicken & Rice Guys. Retrieved from Food Truck, The Harvard Crimson. Retrieved from http://www.thecrimson.com/article/2017/4/14/ecoli-chicken-and-rice-guys/.
Sezgin, A. C., & Sanlier, N. (2016). Street food consumption in terms of the food safety and health. Journal of Human Sciences, 13(3), 4072-4083.
Tambekar, D. H., Kulkarni, R. V., Shirsat, S. D., & Bhadange, D. G. (2011). Bacteriological quality of street vended food Panipuri: A case study of Amravati City (MS) India. Bioscience Discovery, 2(3), 350-354.
Vindigni, S. M., Srijan, A., Wongstitwilairoong, B., Marcus, R., Meek, J., Riley, P., & Mason, C. (2007). Prevalence
of Foodborne Microorganisms in Retail Foods in Thailand. Foodborne Pathogens and Disease, 4(2), 208-214.
Von Holy, A., & Makhoane, F. M. (2006). Improving street food vending in South Africa: Achievements and lessons learned. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 111(2), 89-92.
Watcharawichanan, P., Inthiyot, P., & Sitthiphakun, S. (2011). Medical Science Center 5, Nakhon Ratchasima, Mueang District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province (Research Report). Nakhon Ratchasima: Medical Science Center 5.
World Health Organization. (2012). Regional consultation on safe street foods Bangkok Thailand June 20-23, 2011 Organized by World Health Organization Regional Office for South-East Asia Food and Agriculture Organization Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific Institute of Nutrition (Research report). Nakorn Patom: Mahidol University.
Wolde, T., & Bacha, K. (2017). Prevalence and antibiotics resistance patterns of Salmonella isolated from kitchen sponges at Jimma town, Ethiopia. African Journal of Microbiology Research, 11(16), 631-636.
Yasmeen, G., & Nirathron, N. (2014). Vending in public space: The case of Bangkok. WIEGO Policy Brief (Urban Policies), 16, 1-18.
