Formulation and Evaluation of Topical Ketoconazole Nano emulsion
Keywords:
nano emulsion, ketoconazole, topical formulationAbstract
TThe treatment of fungal skin infections using antifungal drug topical preparations often takes a long time for treatment. The advantages of using topical medication Is to reduce the risk of side effects from medication Including reducing the chance of interacting with other drugs. But when having a chronic or widespread fungal disease on the skin area, the patient must use oral medicatiopical medication. Due to the treatment of fungal infection with topical drug preparation taking a long time for treatment, the development of delivery systems may increase the effectives of treatment. This research aimed to develop ketoconazole nano-emulsion topical preparation and to study the antifungal efficacy of the developed formulation. The nano-emulsion bases were prepared using the low-energy emulsification method. Two types of oils, Caprylic/Capric triglyceride--CT and Isopropyl myristate--IPM were used as the oil phase. A formula with a nanoscale of internal droplets was selected based on stability at 30oC and 45oC for thirty days. After that, the developed ketoconazole nano emulsion was tested for antifungal activity against Candida albicans by the agar well diffusion method. It was found the 0.5% (w/w) ketoconazole nano emulsion from CT and non-ionic surfactant was measured at the ratio of 4:1 droplet with the diameter of 189.4+6.7nm. and a zeta potential of -28.4+3.4 mV. The developed formula was physically stable for over thirty days at 30o C and 45o C. Additionally, antifungal activity using agar well diffusion method against C. albicans of the developed formulation containing 0.5% w/w of ketoconazole was found to be significantly more effective than that of commercially available ketoconazole creams (2.0% w/w) (p<.05). Finally, it can be concluded that the ketoconazole nano emulsion is a promising tool in the effective treatment of fungal skin infections.
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