บทบาทของพยาบาลจิตเวชในการจัดการความเสี่ยงเพื่อป้องกันการฆ่าตัวตายซ้ำ
คำสำคัญ:
ความเสี่ยง, การป้องกัน, การฆ่าตัวตายซ้ำ, บทบาทของพยาบาลจิตเวชบทคัดย่อ
การฆ่าตัวตายซ้ำเป็นปัญหาสำคัญที่มีแนวโน้มทวีความรุนแรงอย่างต่อเนื่องในปัจจุบัน ซึ่งมีความเสี่ยงหลายอย่าง โดยเฉพาะผู้ที่มีประวัติในการฆ่าตัวตายจะมีความเสี่ยงในการฆ่าตัวตายซ้ำสูงถึง 38-40 เท่าของการฆ่าตัวตายครั้งแรก การฆ่าตัวตายซ้ำนับวันยิ่งจะเพิ่มจำนวนมากขึ้น โดยจะส่งผลกระทบต่อตนเอง ครอบครัว สังคม และเศรษฐกิจ ซึ่งจะมีความรุนแรงมากกว่าการฆ่าตัวตายครั้งแรก การฆ่าตัวตายซ้ำนับวันยิ่งจะเพิ่มจำนวนมากขึ้น โดยส่งผลกระทบต่อตนเอง ครอบครัว สังคม และเศรษฐกิจ ซึ่งจะมีความรุนแรงมากกว่าการฆ่าตัวตายครั้งแรกถึง 2 เท่า การจัดการความสี่ยงเพื่อป้องกันการฆ่าตัวตายซ้ำนั้นควรให้ความสำคัญกับการลดปัจจัยเสี่ยงและเพิ่มปัจจัยปกป้องของการฆ่าตัวตาย บทความนี้ได้อธิบายถึงปัจจัยเสี่ยง ปัจจัยปกป้อง ผลกระทบ และบทบาทหน้าที่สำคัญของพยาบาลจิตเวชที่อาศัยทักษะและความรู้ในการช่วยเหลือโดยเฉพาะการจัดการกับปัจจัยเสี่ยงและการป้องกันการฆ่าตัวตายซ้ำ ตั้งแต่การประเมินสภาพผู้ป่วยแรกรับ การบำบัดรักษา และการดูแลสิ่งแวดล้อมของผู้ป่วย เพื่อลดการเกิดความพิการและการสูญเสียจากการทำร้ายตนเอง ให้ผู้ป่วยสามารถกลับมาใช้ชีวิตได้อย่างปกติสุข
References
Acheampong, A. K., & Aziato, L. (2018). Suicidal ideations and coping strategies of mothers living with physical disabilities: A qualitative exploratory study in Ghana. BMC Psychiatry, 18(1), 360. doi:10.1186/s12888-018-1938-x
Anarmat, L. (2017). Therapy on depression of major depressive disorders patients with attempted suicide. Journal of Somdet Chaopraya Institute of Psychiatry, 11(1), 24-33. (in Thai)
Anderson, D. G., Feld, H., & Alesshire, M. (2016). Family health risks. In M. Stanhope & J. Lancaster (Eds.), Public health nursing: Populationcentered health care in the community (9th ed.). St. Louis: Elsevier.
Aroonroong, A. (2021). Development of model family counseling on suicidal idea of suicidal attempters. Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology, 1(2), 35-46. (in Thai)
Asare-Doku, W., Osafo, J., & Akotia, C. S. (2017). The experiences of attempt survivor families and how they cope after a suicide attempt in Ghana: A qualitative study. BMC Psychiatry, 17(1), 178. doi:10.1186/s12888-017-1336-9
Banthi Hospital. (2012). Summary of the results of mental health activities for the year 2009-2012. Lamphun: Community Mental Health Work Banthi Hospital. (in Thai)
Beaudreau, S. A., Gould, C. E., Sakai, E., & Huh, J. W. T. (2015). Problem-solving therapy. In: N. Pachana (Ed), Encyclopedia of geropsychology. Singapore: Springer.
Beck, A. T. (1967). Depression: Clinical experimental and theoritical aspects. New York: Harper Row.
Blasco-Fontecilla, H., Mendez-Bustos, P., & Lopez-Morinigo, J. D. (2020). Toward a biosignature of suicide reattempt. Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences, 46, 79-88. doi:10.1007/7854_2020_164
Brown, G. K., & Jager-Hyman, S. (2014). Evidence-based psychotherapies for suicide prevention: Future directions. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 47(3 Suppl 2), S186-194. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2014.06.008
Cipriani, A., Hawton, K., Stockton, S., & Geddes, J. R. (2013). Lithium in the prevention of suicide in mood disorders: Updated systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ, 346, f3646. doi:10.1136/bmj. f3646
Chaniang S., Meuangkhwa P., & Klongdee K. (2020). Factors related to suicide risk behaviors among secondary school students in Nakhon Phanom Province. Journal of Optoelectronical Nanostructures, 12(1), 28-35. (in Thai)
Chaiwannawat, T. (2017). Roles of psychiatric nurses for mental health promotion and mental illness prevention. The Journal of Psychiatric Nursing and Mental Health, 31(2), 16-30. (in Thai)
Choi, K. H., Wang, S. M., Yeon, B., Suh, S. Y., Oh, Y., Lee, H. K., . . .& Lee, K. U. (2013). Risk and protective factors predicting multiple suicide attempts. Psychiatry Research, 210(3), 957-961. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2013.09.026
Christensen, H., Batterham, P. J., Soubelet, A., & Mackinnon, A. J. (2013). A test of the interpersonal theory of suicide in a large community-based cohort. Journal of Affective Disorders, 144(3), 225-234. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2012.07.002
Davis, C., Shuss, S., & Lockhart, L. (2014). Assessing suicide risk. Nursing made Incredibly Easy, 12(1). 22-29. doi:10.1097/01.NME.0000438409.07755.e3
DeCou, C. R., Comtois, K. A., & Landes, S. J. (2019). Dialectical behavior therapy is effective for the treatment of suicidal behavior: A meta-analysis. Behavior Therapy, 50(1), 60-72. doi: 10.1016/j.beth.2018.03.009
Department of Mental Health. (2012). Report on the results of a suicide epidemiological study of the Department of Mental Health. Retrieved from https://dmh.go.th/report/suicide/ (in Thai)
Department of Mental Health. (2017). Report on the number of suicides in Thailand. Retrieved from http://suicide.jvkk.go.th/menu 3.aspx. (in Thai)
Department of Mental Health. (2017). The strategic plan of the department of mental health during the Twelfth National Economic and Social Development Plan (2017-2021). Nonthaburi: Department of Mental Health. (in Thai)
Drapeau, C. W., & McIntosh, J. L. (2016). U.S.A. suicide: 2015. Retrieved from http://www.suicidology.org/Portals/14/docs/Resources/FactSheets/2015/2015datapgsv1.pdf?=2017-01-02-220151-870http://bit.ly/3XE8dMq
Durkheim, É. (1951). Suicide: A study in sociology. New York: The Free Press.
Edwards, S., & Axe, S. (2015). The 10 ‘R’s of safe multidisciplinary drug administration. Nurse Prescribing, 13(8), 398–406. doi:10.12968/npre.2015.13.8.398
I.A.S.P. Executive Committee, International Assn for Suicide Prevention, Ctr for Suicide Research & Prevention. (1999). I.A.S.P. guidelines for suicide prevention. Crisis: The Journal of Crisis Intervention and Suicide Prevention, 20(4), 155-163. doi:https://doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910.20.4.155
Ji, N. J., Lee, W. Y., Noh, M. S., & Yip, P. S. F. (2014). The impact of indiscriminate media coverage of a celebrity suicide on a society with a high suicide rate: Epidemiological findings on copycat suicides from South Korea. Journal of Affective Disorders, 156(56-61). doi:10.1016/j.jad.2013.11.015
Kennebeck, S., & Bonin, L. (2022). Suicidal ideation and behavior in children and adolescents: Evaluation and management. Retrieved from https://www.uptodate.com/contents/suicidal-ideation-and-behavior-in-children-and-adolescents-evaluation-and-management/print
Klinpiboon, A.,Yodklang, O., Kaanachai, V., Kamchompoo, J., & Bupahouse, S. (2020). The Development of Problem-Solving Therapy Program for Psychiatric Patients with Suicidal Ideations and Behaviors. Journal of Mental Health of Thailand, 30(2), 87-99. (in Thai)
Kraipassornpong, N., Chamman, S., Pinsupha, P., Thananchai, S., & Latham, W. (2018). Public service manual electrical therapy Kalaya Rajanagarindra Institute. Bangkok: Kalaya Rajanagarindra Institute, Department of Mental Health, Ministry of Public Health (in Thai)
Lin, J., Su, Y., Lv, X., Liu, Q., Wang, G., Wei, J., . . .& Si, T. (2020). Perceived stressfulness mediates the effects of subjective social support and negative coping style on suicide risk in Chinese patients with major depressive disorder. Journal of Affective Disorders, 265, 32-38. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.01.026
Linehan, M. M. (2014). DBT skills training handouts and Worksheets (2nd ed). New York: The Guilford Press.
Liu, B. P., Qin, P., Liu, Y. Y., Yuan, L., Gu, L. X., & Jia, C. X. (2018). Mental disorders and suicide attempt in rural China. Psychiatry Research, 261, 190-196. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2017.12.087
Lortrakul, M., & Sukanich, P. (2015). Ramathibodi psychiatry. Bangkok: Beyond Enterprise. (in Thai)
Lotrakul, M. (2017). Clinical use of psychiatric drugs. Bangkok: Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospita. (in Thai)
Malarat, W., Jeamdamrat, O., Lomsri, C., Phomsena, S., Iwpa, S., & Kajai, K. (2014). Community suicide study report Chiang Rai. Chiang Rai: Mental Health Center 10, Department of Mental Health, Ministry of Public Health. (in Thai)
Maple, M., Cerel, J., Jordan, J. R., & McKay, K. (2014). Uncovering and identifying the missing voices in suicide bereavement. Suicidology Online, 5(1), 1-12. http://bit.ly/3u8AoW9
Meltzer, H. Y. (2012). Clozapine: Balancing safety with superior antipsychotic efficacy. Clin Schizophr Relat Psychoses, 6(3), 134-144. doi:10.3371/csrp.6.3.5
Minnesota Department of Health. (2019). Suicidal ideation risk assessment. Retrieved from https://www.health.state.mn.us/people/syringe/suicide.pdf
Moody, C., & Smith, N. G. (2013). Suicide protective factors among trans adults. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 42(5), 739–752. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-013-0099-8
Muangmakham, S., Skulphan, S., & Sethabouppha, H. (2020). Family relationships and suicidal risks of clients receiving services at Mental Health and Psychiatric Clinic. Nursing Journal, 47(3), 240-252. (in Thai)
Ngai, F. W., & Chan, S. W. (2012). Learned resourcefulness, social support, and perinatal depression in Chinese Mothers. Nursing research, 61(2), 78–85. https://doi.org/10.1097/NNR.0b013e318240dd3f
Nursing Council. (2009). Scope and competence of advanced nursing practitioners in various fields. Retrieved from https://www.tnmc.or.th/images/userfiles/files/H014.pdf (in Thai)
Nursing Council. (2021). Regulations of the Nursing Council on requirements limitations and conditions for practicing nursing and midwifery. Retrieved from http://bit.ly/3XDQHrv. (in Thai)
Oexle, N., & Sheehan, L. (2020). Perceived social support and mental health after suicide loss. Crisis, 41(1), 65-69. doi:10.1027/0227-5910/a000594
Patchan, K. M., Richardson, C., Vyas, G., & Kelly, D. L. (2015). The risk of suicide after clozapine discontinuation: Cause for concern. Annals of Clinical Psychiatry, 27(4), 253-256. PMCID: PMC5470314
Pimratana, W., & Kamonpan, J. (2020). The risk factors of suicide reattempts in psychiatric patients, Buri Ram Hospital. Medical Journal of Sisaket Surin Burirum Hospital, 35(3), 739-748. (in Thai)
Phongto, K., & Lueboonthavatchaail, O. (2014). Effect of the resilience enhancement programe on suicidal ideation in Suicidal Attempter. The Journal of Psychiatric Nursing and Mental Health, 28(1), 121-132. (in Thai)
Rönnqvist, I., Nilsson, F. K., & Nordenskjöld, A. (2021). Electroconvulsive therapy and the risk of suicide in hospitalized patients with Major Depressive Disorder. JAMA Network Open, 4(7), e2116589-e2116589. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.16589
Sangprakong, K., Teswatana, C., Duangyotha, T., Suthirak, C., Chukaew, P., Khunmuang, K., . .& Chamnanprai, P. (2021). Electrical therapy patient service manual for a multidisciplinary team. Surat Thani: Suan Saranrom Hospital, Department of Mental Health. (in Thai)
Sakulphan, S. (2022). Nursing care for persons with suicide behavior. Chiang Mai: Faculty of Nursing Chiang Mai University. (in Thai)
Sirithepthawee, M., Jinarat, C., Konkhamdee, S., Chaicham, N., Musiko, S., Chammun, S.,… & Krubkratoke, A. (2016). Handbook of care for chronic psychiatric patients in the community at risk for personnel of primary care units. Bangkok: Saengchan Printing. (in Thai)
Suwanmaitri, S., Sasok, A., Chanthalakwong, T., Sianglam, C., & Mekwilai, W. (2017). Schizophrenia care manual for hospitals in health areas (2nd ed.). Nonthaburi: Victoria Image Co., Ltd. (in Thai)
Sattayatham, C., Chansuk, P., & Jaroensuk, S. (2014). Psychiatric and mental health nursing (2nd ed.). Bangkok: Thana Press. (in Thai)
Sawa, M., Koishikawa, H., & Osaki, Y. (2017). Risk factors of a suicide reattempt by seasonality and the method of a previous suicide attempt: A cohort study in a Japanese Primary Care Hospital. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 47(6), 688-695. doi:10.1111/sltb.12326
Shain, B. (2016). Suicide and suicide attempts in adolescents. Pediatrics, 138(1). doi:10.1542/peds.2016-1420
Soreff, S. M., Basit, H., & Attia, F. N. (2022). Suicide risk. in StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing LLC.
Thanirat, T. (2012). Basic theory of personality disorders in Psychiatry. Bangkok: Pumthong Shop. (in Thai)
Trangkasombat, U., (2018). Psychotherapy and family counseling (7th ed). Bangkok: Santa Printing. (in Thai)
Vorapani, P. (2013). Factors influencing suicidal attempts in Kongkraiias District Sukhothai Province. Journal of Health Science, 1(1), 69-78. (in Thai)
Wannasawak, K. (2015). Patient attempts suicide or self-harm. Bangkok: Prayoonsan Thai Printing.
Western Michigan University. (2022). Suicide prevention program. Retrieved from https://wmich.edu/suicideprevention/basics/protective
World Health Organization. (2014). Preventing suicide: A global imperative. Switzerland: World Health Organization.
Wright, P. P., & Thorpe, C. W. (2016). Triple Threat Among the Elderly: Depression, Suicide Risk, and Handguns. Journal of Emergency Nursing, 42(1), 14-18. doi: 10.1016/j.jen.2015.01.010
Zalsman, G., Hawton, K., Wasserman, D., van Heeringen, K., Arensman, E., Sarchiapone, M., . .& Zohar, J. (2016). Suicide prevention strategies revisited: 10-year systematic review. Lancet Psychiatry, 3(7), 646-659. doi:10.1016/s2215-0366(16)30030-x
