ความชุกและปัจจัยที่มีความสัมพันธ์กับภาวะซึมเศร้าของผู้ป่วยสูงอายุในคลินิกผู้สูงอายุ: The Prevalence and Associated Factors of Depression among the Older Patients in a Geriatric Clinic

บทคัดย่อ

Depression is a common psychological problem of the elderly and affected their health. This cross sectional study had aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of depression among older patients. In addition, the researcher aimed to explore the consistency between Thai Geriatric Depression Scale (TGDS) and Thai Version Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) in assessing depression in a geriatric outpatient clinic. The samples were patients aged ≥ 60 years in a geriatric clinic between February to May 2015, selected by systematic sampling. The data were collected using the structured interview and medical record review. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regressions. The result revealed that by the TGDS cut-points, the prevalence of depression was 24.8%, of which 16.4% had mild depression, 7.6% had moderate depression and 0.8% had severe depression. Factors significantly associated with depression were poor/moderate family relationship (OR = 3.25, 95% CI = 1.68-6.27), cognitive impairment (OR = 3.03, 95% CI = 1.50-6.15), impaired functional ability (OR = 2.70, 95% CI = 1.07-6.79) and perceived severity of illness (OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 1.01-1.05). By the PHQ-9 cut-points, the prevalence of depression was 21.4%. By the Cohen’s Kappa statistic, it was found that TGDS and PHQ-9 were significantly good level of consistently (Kappa = 0.80, p < 0.001). In conclusion, depression is found about a quarter of the elderly. There are many factors associated with depression. The health personels should assess the depression in patients who had associated factors to reduce the incidence of depression and promotion a the good quality of life.