Development of a Health Literacy Enhancement Model Using Online Media for High-Risk Pregnant Women at Pathum Thani Hospital
Keywords:
Health Literacy Enhancement Model, High-risk Pregnant Women, Online MediaAbstract
This research aimed to analyze the situation, develop a model, implement, and evaluate the effectiveness of health literacy promotion through online media among high-risk pregnant women at Pathum Thani Hospital. The study was conducted in four phases: (1) situational analysis, problems, and needs assessment among 12 healthcare personnel; (2) model development using patient medical history records and focus group discussions; (3) model implementation with a sample of 30 high-risk pregnant women; and (4) evaluation of the outcomes. Research instruments included a health literacy assessment questionnaire and focus group guidelines. Content validity, assessed using the Index of Item-Objective Congruence (IOC), ranged from .67 to 1.00, while reliability was measured by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, which was .86. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the paired t-test, whereas qualitative data were analyzed through thematic analysis. The findings revealed that:
1. Pregnant women lack knowledge and understanding of self-care, engage in inappropriate health behaviors, and receive little support from close relatives. In addition, healthcare personnel face time constraints and limitations in providing counseling.
2. A health literacy promotion model utilizing online media for high-risk pregnant women, known as the AUDOI Model, was developed. It consists of five components: Assessment (evaluating access), Understand (building understanding), Discussion (asking and exchanging), OK (confirmation and commitment), and I can do (practical implementation).
3. After applying the model, it was found that both health literacy scores and health care behaviors significantly increased at the statistical level of .01 and .001.
Therefore, promoting health literacy among pregnant women with high-risk conditions should involve the use of media that is appropriate to the users’ context. It should be developed to ensure easy accessibility, contain reliable content, and align with the specific needs of this group to enhance self-care effectiveness and reduce the risk of potential complications.
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