The Development of a Health Literacy Enhancement Program for Newly Diagnosed Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Keywords:
Health Literacy, Newly Diagnosed Patients with Type 2 Diabetes, Research and DevelopmentAbstract
This research and development aimed to create and evaluate the effectiveness of a health literacy enhancement program for new patients with type 2 diabetes. The study was conducted in three phases: Phase 1 consisted in a study of the health literacy situation of patients with diabetes, using a health literacy questionnaire with 240 participants. In-depth interviews, involving 20 patients with diabetes and 20 nurses, were conducted, using a guide focused on experiences and perspectives on health literacy. Phase 2 was dedicated to develop the health literacy enhancement program, which was reviewed by three experts. Initially applied to 10 diabetic patients, the program was then refined, based on the provided feedback. During phase 3, the program was tested with 70 diabetic patients, divided into an experimental group and a control group, each with 35 participants. The evaluation was based on a self-management behavior assessment, and the average blood sugar levels (HbA1c). Data were analyzed using content analysis, descriptive statistics, independent t-test, and paired t-test. The research results were as follows.
1. The study of the health literacy situation on diabetes showed that average health literacy score was at a moderate level. Health personnel were found to promote knowledge searching and analysis of credible media use only partially and there was limited promotion of interaction and self-management in various situations.
2. The health literacy enhancement program included six activities: accessing health information and services, understanding diabetes, communication related to diabetes, decision-making in various situations related to diabetes, media literacy regarding diabetes, and self-management on how to live with diabetes. The activities were carried out over 12 weeks.
3. The effectiveness test results showed that, in the experimental group, after the intervention, the average self-management behavior score was significantly higher than that of the control group. The average blood sugar level in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group, at the .05 and .01 levels.
Therefore, this health literacy enhancement program for new diabetic patients should be used to promote self-management behaviors.
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1. บทความหรือข้อคิดเห็นใด ๆ ที่ปรากฏในวารสารเครือข่าย วิทยาลัยพยาบาลและการสาธารณสุขภาคใต้ ที่เป็นวรรณกรรมของผู้เขียน บรรณาธิการหรือเครือข่ายวิทยาลัยพยาบาลและวิทยาลัยการสาธารณสุขภาคใต้ ไม่จำเป็นต้องเห็นด้วย
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