Respirable Dust Levels and Hospital Visits for Respiratory Diseases of People Living in Hat Yai Municipality, Songkhla Province
Keywords:
Respiratory Diseases, PM10, PM2.5Abstract
This retrospective study aimed to study the PM10 and PM2.5 air pollution levels and to determine the relationships between PM10 and PM2.5 and hospital visits for respiratory diseases among people living in Hat Yai City, Songkhla province. Concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 were collected from the pollution control department (AQI index). The meteorological data was collected from the meteorological office in Songkhla province. The number of hospital visits with respiratory diseases (ICD10; J00 – J99) was collected from hospital records between 1st January 2016 and 31st December 2020. Data analysis used distributed lag non-linear models (DLNMS) with spline and generalized additive models (GAM) to estimate the association and estimate lag time 0 - 7. The results showed that:
1. The average amounts of PM10 and PM2.5 were 34.83 µg/m3 and 17.64 µg/m3, respectively.
2. An increase in PM10 and PM2.5 in every 10 µg/m3 were related to an increase in the number of hospital visitors with respiratory diseases. Exposure to PM10 increases the risk of hospital visits with respiratory diseases after six days of exposure (RR=1.22, 95% CI=1.18-1.26). Similarly, PM2.5 particles increasing every 10 µg/m3 was related to hospital visits with respiratory diseases after exposed 6 days passed (RR=1.09, 95% CI=1.03-1.15).
In conclusion, the increasing concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 are associated with the increasing number of hospital visitors with respiratory diseases. According to this, we should impart knowledge about health prevention from air pollution. Furthermore, the environmental control organization should have an air pollution control policy to reduce the source of air pollution helping decline the respiratory health effects on the population.
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