Development of an Instructional Model based on Authentic Learning Approach to Enhance Ethical Sensitivity of Nursing Students
Keywords:
Development of Instructional Model, Authentic Learning Approach, Ethical Sensitivity, Nursing StudentsAbstract
This developmental research aimed to develop an instructional model based on the authentic learning approach to enhance ethical sensitivity towards moral problems among nursing students. The study was conducted in three phases. Phase 1 consisted in a study of ethical sensitivity towards moral problems in clinical teaching. Phase 2 was the conception of an instructional model based on authentic learning approach to enhance ethical sensitivity. And phase 3 was an evaluation the model's effectiveness. Sample was 54 Second-Year nursing students. Research instruments were 1) an open-ended questionnaire for studying current situations, 2) an ethical sensitivity questionnaire for nursing students, and 3) an open-ended questionnaire for exploring viewpoints regarding authentic learning approach to enhance ethical sensitivity. Open ended questions were explicitly considered by a panel of three experts and ethical sensitivity questionnaire for nursing students had scale-level content validity index (S-CVI) of .85. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used as a measure to assess the reliability of the study, yielding 0.94. Data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, standard deviation, paired t-test, and themes. The study findings showed as follows.
1. The nursing students incomprehensively applied ethical theories to their clinical practice. They focused on clinical knowledge and practice in nursing rather than interpolated with nursing ethics, and perceived differently and slowly in ethical perception.
2. The instructional model based on authentic learning approach to enhance ethical sensitivity by meeting with student nurse supervisors for supervisory plan comprised; 1) ethics conference 2) ethics round, and 3) ethics report.
3. After using the model, the ethical sensitivity level of the nursing students was significantly higher than before using the model (t= 4.63, p<.01). The students’ opinion towards authentic learning approach including 1) risk reduction and problem prevention, 2) minimizing errors in practical work, 3) awareness about the patients right and respecting the human right, and 4) perceptions of professional nursing roles.
This model is operative for enhancing ethical sensitivity towards moral problems of nursing students.
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