How Social Support and Health Literacy Influence Quality of Life of Elders in Mueang District of Nakhon Si Thammarat
Keywords:
Social Support, Health Literacy, Quality of Life, Older Adults, Urban, Semi-Urban Semi-Rural, Rural SocietyAbstract
This predictive research aimed to study the levels of social support, health literacy and quality of life, prior to evaluate the influence of both social support and health literacy on quality of life among elderly who are living in urban, semi-urban, rural and semi-rural context in Mueang district of Nakhon Si Thammarat province. Sample was 390 older adults (130 from each of those context), and selected by stratified and simple random sampling. All data were collected using questionnaires. Reliability of social support questionnaire and quality of life questionnaire were both determined using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and obtained the values of .97 and .94, respectively. For the health literacy questionnaire, health knowledge component was examined by using Kuder and Richardson method, yielding values of .68 and .83, respectively. Other components, namely access to health information, communication of health information, decision making, self-management and media literacy, were tested using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, obtaining values of .86, .56, .85, and .89, respectively. Data were analyzed using descriptive and regression analysis. Results revealed the following.
1. Social support of the older adults, living in urban, semi-urban and semi-rural, and rural society were at a high level (M=3.81, SD=0.71; M=4.12, SD=0.78; M=3.69, SD=0.56, respectively).
2. Health literacy in older adults, living in urban, semi-urban and semi-rural, and rural society were at a low level (M=33.67, SD=10.16; M=39.88, SD=8.13; and M=29.39, SD=7.00, respectively).
3. Quality of life of the older adults in urban society was at a good level (72.31%), in semi-urban and semi-rural, and rural society were at a moderate level (60.77%, and 63.85%, respectively).
4. In a semi-urban and semi-rural society, the social support could predict 45.50 percent of quality of life. While in rural society, social support could predict 9.60 percent of quality of life.
Per findings of the study, tangible and intangible social support should be provided to older people in order to promote their quality of life.
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