Effects of Oral Health Care Promotion Program among Parents on Dental Caries Prevention of Preschool Children in Child Development Centers, Khok Yang Community, Trang
Keywords:
Dental Caries, Preschool Children, Parents, PreventionAbstract
The objective of this quasi-experimental research (two-group pretest-posttest design) was to evaluate the effects of a parental program on dental caries prevention in preschool children. Study was conducted in Child Development Centers of Khok Yang, Trang province, between December 2015 and January 2016. Participants were 42 parents randomly recruited: 21 parents from a Child Development Center for experimental group and 21 parents from another Center for control group. A 4-week oral health care promotion program was given to parents, focusing on dental caries prevention in 3-5 year old preschool children. Activities were: giving instructions, group activities, playing games, showing videos, and demonstrating oral hygiene technique regarding dental caries prevention behaviors. Results were as follow.
1. After program implementation, there were significant improvements in the experimental group for the overall scores of knowledge and dental caries prevention with preschool children (p<0.001 and p=0.001, respectively). Whereas, there was no significant improvement in overall scores in the control group (p=0.832 and p=0.113, respectively). Posttest scores regarding knowledge and prevention behavior focusing on dental caries prevention in preschool children were significantly different between experimental and control group (p <0.001, and p=0.001, respectively).
2. In experimental group, mean scores for pretest regarding knowledge (M=11.29 SD=1.82) and prevention behavior (M=28.38, SD=3.76) focusing on dental caries prevention in preschool children were observed at a moderate level. Whereas mean’s scores for posttest regarding knowledge (M=14.43, SD=1.10) and prevention behavior (M=33.90, SD=4.06) focusing on dental caries prevention of preschool children were observed at high level.
3. In control group, mean scores of pretest regarding knowledge (M=11.14, SD=1.88) and prevention behavior (M=27.95, SD=6.21) focusing on dental caries prevention of preschool children were observed at moderate level. Whereas mean scores of posttest regarding knowledge (M=12.05, SD=1.24) and prevention behavior (M =28.19, SD=5.93) focusing on dental caries prevention of preschool children were also observed at moderate level.
This program can be applied to other Child Development Centers, and adapted appropriately with each context of the research setting. However, the program can be expected to vary across regions due to differences in origin and cultural diversity.
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