Stress among Women with Gestational Diabetes and Nurse-Midwife Role
Keywords:
Stress, Gestational Diabetic, Nurse-Midwife RoleAbstract
Diabetes mellitus is a complication that occurs in pregnant women around the world and the trend continues to increase. Gestational diabetic women have to cope with the need of being diagnosed throughout pregnancy, then the pressure to modify their eating behavior and to receive more care than normal pregnant women. Pregnancy risk perception and stress affect the mental state of gestational diabetic women. The stress of gestational diabetes is an important issue that nurse-midwife has to provide proper care for, because it affects both the pregnant woman and her fetus. The purpose of this article was to present stress among gestational diabetic women and nurse-midwife roles in the planning and prevention of stress among gestational diabetes women. Assessment of the level of stress and symptoms of stress, including promotes self-esteem and educating about the risk of pregnancy to reduce stress among gestational diabetic women is essential.
References
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American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (2006). Exercise in pregnancy. Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, 4, 1-7.
American Diabetes Association. (2014). Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Care, 37(1), 81-90.
Boonyaporn, T., & Saetan, C. (2017). Nursing Role: Stress Management of Pregnant Teenage. The Southern College Network Journal of Nursing and Public Health, 4(3), 271-281. (in Thai)
Cashion, K. (2012). Endocrine and Metabolic Disoders in Pregnancy.In D. L. Lowdermilk, S. E. Perry, M. Cashion, & K. Alden (Eds.), Maternity and Women’s Health care (10th ed., pp.688-707). St. Louis: Elsevier Mosby.
Chunpradub, P. (1995). The Relationship Between Self-Esteem, Social Support and Coping Behavior in High-Risk Pregnant Women, (Master of Nursing Science Maternal and Child Nursing). Graduate School, Mahidol University. (in Thai)
Cunningham, F. G., Leveno, K. J., Bloom, S. L., Spong, C. Y., Dashe, J. S., Hoffman, et al. (2014). Williams Obstetric (24th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
Diabetes Association of Thailand Under the Patronage of Her Highness Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn. (2014). Clinical Practice Guideline for Diabetes.Retrieved from http://203.157.39.7/imrta/images/cpg20141120.pdf
Heaman, M. I., & Gupton, A. L. (2009). Psychometric Testing of the Perception of Pregnancy Risk Questionnaire. Research in Nursing & Health, 32(5), 493-503.
Hjelm, K., Bard, K., Nyberg, P., & Apelqvist, J. (2007). Management of Gestational Diabetes from the Patient’s Perspective a Comparison of Swedish and Middle-Eastern born women. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 16(1), 168–178.
Hui, A. L., Sevenhuysen, G., Harvey, D., & Salamon, E. (2014). Stress and Anxiety in Women with Gestational Diabetes During Dietary Management. The Diabetes Educator, 40(5), 668-677. doi: 10.1177/0145721714535991
Jittrapirom, A., & Chareonsanti, J. (2015). Effectiveness of Education Provision and Relaxation Training Program on Self-Care Behaviors, Blood Sugar Levels, and Stress among Gestational Diabetic Women. Nursing Journal, 42(4), 133-145. (in Thai)
jittrapirom, A., Chareonsanti, J., & Sriraporn, P. (2014). Pregnancy Risk Perception, Uncertainty, and Stress Among Gestational Diabetic Women. Nursing Journal, 41(1), 50-61. (in Thai)
Kyrou, I., & Tsigos, C. (2009).Stress Hormones: Physiological Stress and Regulation of Metabolism. Current Opinion in Pharmacology, 9(6), 787-793.
Lawson, E. J., & Rajaram, S. (1994). A Transformed Pregnancy: The Psychosocial Consequences of Gestational Diabetes. Sociology of Health & Illness, 16(4), 536-562.
Lowdermilk, D. L., Perry, S. E & Cashion, M. C. (2014). Maternity Nursing (8th ed.). St. Louis: Mosby.
Mahatnirunkul, S., Pumpaisanchai, W., & Tapanya, P., (1997). Research Report Suanprung Stress. Test-60. Chiang Mai: Suanphung Hospital.
Mapakdee, P. (2008). Effects of Using the Participatory Learning Program and Telephone Visit on Knowledge, Self-care Behaviors, and Blood Sugar Level Among Gestational Diabetic Women, (Master of Nursing Science (Nursing Care of Women). Graduate school, Chiang Mai University. (in Thai)
Miller, L. H., Smith, A. D., & Rothstein, L. (1993).The Stress Solution: An Action Plan to Manage the Stress in Your Life. New York: Pocket Books.
Mitanchez, D. (2010). Foetal and Neonatal Complications in Gestational Diabetes: Perinatal Mortality, Congenital, Shoulder Dystocia, Birth Injuries, Neonatal Outcome. Diabetes & Metabolism, 36(6), 617-627.
Mulder, E. J. H., Robles, P. G., Huizink, A. C., Van den Bergh, B. R. H., Buitelaar, J. K., & Visser, G. H. A. (2002). Prenatal Maternal Stress: Effects on Pregnancy and the (Unborn) Child. Early Human Development, 70(1), 3-14.
Phongpate, K. (2016). Factors Predicting Stress Among Gestational Diabetic Women, (Master of Nursing Science Midwifery). Graduate school, Chiang Mai University. (in Thai)
Phrommasen, P. (2015). Hardiness, Social Support, and Stress Among Gestational Diabetic Women, (Master of Nursing Science Midwifery). Graduate school, Chiang Mai University. (in Thai)
Rojnawaseree, D. (2018). The Effect of Health Promotion and Spouse Support to the Blood Glucose Level and Health-Promoting Behaviors in Women at Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Journal of Nursing, Public Health, and Education, 19(3). 47-58.
Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
Roy-Matton, N., Moutquin, J. M., Brown, C., Carrier, N., & Bell, L. (2011). The Impact of Perceived Maternal Stress and Other Psychosocial Risk Factors on Pregnancy Complications. Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey, 66(8), 475-476.
Singh, S. K., & Rastogi, A. (2008) Gestational Diabetic Mellitus. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome, 2(3), 227-234. doi: org/10.1016/j.dsx.2008.04.007
Soannoi, S. (2000). Effect of Supportive Nursing Care on Stress of Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes During Hospitalization, Graduate school, (Maternal and Child Nursing). Graduate school, Mahidol University. (in Thai)
Srisawad, K., & Panyapinijnugoon, C. (2016). Stress Among Pregnant Adolescents. Journal of The Royal Thai Army Nurses, 17(2), 7-11. (in Thai)
Stark, M. A., & Brinkley, R. L. (2007). The Relationship Between Perceived Stress and Health-Promoting Behaviors in High-Risk Pregnancy. Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing, 21(4), 307-314.
Suzie, D., Brin, F. S. G., Warren, S. D., Keith, J. C., Julie-Anne, P. B., & Robert, G. M. (2003). Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Is a Diagnosis Associated with an Increase in Maternal Anxiety and Stress in the Short and Intermediate Term?. Diabetes Care, 26(2), 385-389.
Vargas, R., Repke, J. T., & Ural, S. H. (2010). Type 21 Diabetes Mellitus and Pregnancy. Reviews on Obstetrics and Gynecology, 3, 92-100.
Wongchantara, T., Uthaseri, S., Panncharoenworakul, K., & Serisathien, Y. (2001). Self-esteem Perceived Benefits and Health-promoting Behaviors in Diabetic Pregnant Women. Christian University of Thailand Journal, 7(1), 45-58.
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (2006). Exercise in pregnancy. Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, 4, 1-7.
American Diabetes Association. (2014). Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Care, 37(1), 81-90.
Boonyaporn, T., & Saetan, C. (2017). Nursing Role: Stress Management of Pregnant Teenage. The Southern College Network Journal of Nursing and Public Health, 4(3), 271-281. (in Thai)
Cashion, K. (2012). Endocrine and Metabolic Disoders in Pregnancy.In D. L. Lowdermilk, S. E. Perry, M. Cashion, & K. Alden (Eds.), Maternity and Women’s Health care (10th ed., pp.688-707). St. Louis: Elsevier Mosby.
Chunpradub, P. (1995). The Relationship Between Self-Esteem, Social Support and Coping Behavior in High-Risk Pregnant Women, (Master of Nursing Science Maternal and Child Nursing). Graduate School, Mahidol University. (in Thai)
Cunningham, F. G., Leveno, K. J., Bloom, S. L., Spong, C. Y., Dashe, J. S., Hoffman, et al. (2014). Williams Obstetric (24th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
Diabetes Association of Thailand Under the Patronage of Her Highness Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn. (2014). Clinical Practice Guideline for Diabetes.Retrieved from http://203.157.39.7/imrta/images/cpg20141120.pdf
Heaman, M. I., & Gupton, A. L. (2009). Psychometric Testing of the Perception of Pregnancy Risk Questionnaire. Research in Nursing & Health, 32(5), 493-503.
Hjelm, K., Bard, K., Nyberg, P., & Apelqvist, J. (2007). Management of Gestational Diabetes from the Patient’s Perspective a Comparison of Swedish and Middle-Eastern born women. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 16(1), 168–178.
Hui, A. L., Sevenhuysen, G., Harvey, D., & Salamon, E. (2014). Stress and Anxiety in Women with Gestational Diabetes During Dietary Management. The Diabetes Educator, 40(5), 668-677. doi: 10.1177/0145721714535991
Jittrapirom, A., & Chareonsanti, J. (2015). Effectiveness of Education Provision and Relaxation Training Program on Self-Care Behaviors, Blood Sugar Levels, and Stress among Gestational Diabetic Women. Nursing Journal, 42(4), 133-145. (in Thai)
jittrapirom, A., Chareonsanti, J., & Sriraporn, P. (2014). Pregnancy Risk Perception, Uncertainty, and Stress Among Gestational Diabetic Women. Nursing Journal, 41(1), 50-61. (in Thai)
Kyrou, I., & Tsigos, C. (2009).Stress Hormones: Physiological Stress and Regulation of Metabolism. Current Opinion in Pharmacology, 9(6), 787-793.
Lawson, E. J., & Rajaram, S. (1994). A Transformed Pregnancy: The Psychosocial Consequences of Gestational Diabetes. Sociology of Health & Illness, 16(4), 536-562.
Lowdermilk, D. L., Perry, S. E & Cashion, M. C. (2014). Maternity Nursing (8th ed.). St. Louis: Mosby.
Mahatnirunkul, S., Pumpaisanchai, W., & Tapanya, P., (1997). Research Report Suanprung Stress. Test-60. Chiang Mai: Suanphung Hospital.
Mapakdee, P. (2008). Effects of Using the Participatory Learning Program and Telephone Visit on Knowledge, Self-care Behaviors, and Blood Sugar Level Among Gestational Diabetic Women, (Master of Nursing Science (Nursing Care of Women). Graduate school, Chiang Mai University. (in Thai)
Miller, L. H., Smith, A. D., & Rothstein, L. (1993).The Stress Solution: An Action Plan to Manage the Stress in Your Life. New York: Pocket Books.
Mitanchez, D. (2010). Foetal and Neonatal Complications in Gestational Diabetes: Perinatal Mortality, Congenital, Shoulder Dystocia, Birth Injuries, Neonatal Outcome. Diabetes & Metabolism, 36(6), 617-627.
Mulder, E. J. H., Robles, P. G., Huizink, A. C., Van den Bergh, B. R. H., Buitelaar, J. K., & Visser, G. H. A. (2002). Prenatal Maternal Stress: Effects on Pregnancy and the (Unborn) Child. Early Human Development, 70(1), 3-14.
Phongpate, K. (2016). Factors Predicting Stress Among Gestational Diabetic Women, (Master of Nursing Science Midwifery). Graduate school, Chiang Mai University. (in Thai)
Phrommasen, P. (2015). Hardiness, Social Support, and Stress Among Gestational Diabetic Women, (Master of Nursing Science Midwifery). Graduate school, Chiang Mai University. (in Thai)
Rojnawaseree, D. (2018). The Effect of Health Promotion and Spouse Support to the Blood Glucose Level and Health-Promoting Behaviors in Women at Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Journal of Nursing, Public Health, and Education, 19(3). 47-58.
Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
Roy-Matton, N., Moutquin, J. M., Brown, C., Carrier, N., & Bell, L. (2011). The Impact of Perceived Maternal Stress and Other Psychosocial Risk Factors on Pregnancy Complications. Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey, 66(8), 475-476.
Singh, S. K., & Rastogi, A. (2008) Gestational Diabetic Mellitus. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome, 2(3), 227-234. doi: org/10.1016/j.dsx.2008.04.007
Soannoi, S. (2000). Effect of Supportive Nursing Care on Stress of Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes During Hospitalization, Graduate school, (Maternal and Child Nursing). Graduate school, Mahidol University. (in Thai)
Srisawad, K., & Panyapinijnugoon, C. (2016). Stress Among Pregnant Adolescents. Journal of The Royal Thai Army Nurses, 17(2), 7-11. (in Thai)
Stark, M. A., & Brinkley, R. L. (2007). The Relationship Between Perceived Stress and Health-Promoting Behaviors in High-Risk Pregnancy. Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing, 21(4), 307-314.
Suzie, D., Brin, F. S. G., Warren, S. D., Keith, J. C., Julie-Anne, P. B., & Robert, G. M. (2003). Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Is a Diagnosis Associated with an Increase in Maternal Anxiety and Stress in the Short and Intermediate Term?. Diabetes Care, 26(2), 385-389.
Vargas, R., Repke, J. T., & Ural, S. H. (2010). Type 21 Diabetes Mellitus and Pregnancy. Reviews on Obstetrics and Gynecology, 3, 92-100.
Wongchantara, T., Uthaseri, S., Panncharoenworakul, K., & Serisathien, Y. (2001). Self-esteem Perceived Benefits and Health-promoting Behaviors in Diabetic Pregnant Women. Christian University of Thailand Journal, 7(1), 45-58.
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2019-09-11
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