Factors Related to Smoking among Buddhist Monks in Muang District of Surat Thani Province
Keywords:
Factors, Smoking, Buddhist MonkAbstract
This survey research aimed to study the smoking situation and factors related to smoking among monks. The sample consisted of 244 Buddhist monks in Muang district, Surat Thani Province. Participants were chosen through stratified random sampling. The tool used was a questionnaire on general information, smoking behavior, and factors related to smoking among monks. Questionnaire was prepared accordingly with the PRECEDE framework. Its reliability was tested using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient yielding a value of .79. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, as well as Chi-square and Odd ratio tests.
The results showed the following.
1. Smoking situation showed that 53.7% of Buddhist monks participants were smokers (n=131). The average age at which smoking started was 9 (SD=4.37). Most of the sample (93.1%) started smoking before ordination, and 85.5% had daily smoking habits. Smoking clergies had a more positive attitude about smoking than non-smokers with an odd ratio of 1.8. Non-smoking clergies had self-efficacy to avoid smoking and perception of smoking rules were higher than that of smokers, with odd ratios of 2.6 and 1.6, respectively.
2. Predisposing factors, Enabling factors, and Reinforcing factors related to age at start of smoking were statistically significant. Smoking behavior during the past 30 days related to the knowledge about cigarettes was statistically significant. Reason to start smoking was statistically significant. Moments of smoking with ordination, reasons to start smoking, smoking behavior in the past 7 days related to the self-efficacy in smoking avoidance was statistically significant.
The research suggests that the Predisposing factors, Enabling factors, and Reinforcing factors were contributing to smoking behaviors of Buddhist monks. Therefore, nurses should design their own empowerment programs to reduce the incidence of smoking to meet a sustainable smoking policy.
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