Experiences and needs of older adults in enhancing health behavior literacy in the community

Abstract

This qualitative study aimed to explore the experiences and needs of older adults in enhancing health behavior literacy within a community context. Data were collected between April and July 2024 from 29 key informants in Mueang District, Phetchabun Province, including older adults, village health volunteers, community volunteers, and healthcare personnel. Data collection methods included in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, participant observations, and field notes. Data were analyzed using Colaizzi’s seven-step analysis process. The findings revealed that health behavior literacy among older adults was not developed merely through receiving health information, but rather emerged through interactions among life experiences, community relationships, and health systems. Four major themes were identified: learning about health through everyday life experiences, supportive community relationships that facilitate health learning, gaps in understanding and the need for appropriate health information, and expectations toward healthcare services and continuous support. The findings suggest that health behavior literacy should be understood as a socio-cultural phenomenon and a dynamic process rather than merely an individual skill. These findings have important implications for designing health promotion approaches that are aligned with the life contexts of older adults within community settings.