Prevalence and influencing factors of spinal musculoskeletal pain among hill tribe coffee farmers
Keywords:
Risk factor, Coffee farmer, Hill tribeAbstract
This study was a cross-sectional descriptive statistic study aimed to determine the prevalence and influencing factors of spinal musculoskeletal pain in hill tribe coffee farmers. The questionnaire was distributed among 220 hill tribe farmers who have worked in coffee plantations. The results showed the prevalence of neck pain at one week and within the previous 12 months was 7.72% and 10.00%. The risk factor of neck pain was high physical activity (ORadj 5.73, 95%CI 5.73-1.13), and the protective factor was non-exercise (ORadj 0.34, 95%CI 0.12-0.99). The prevalence of upper back pain at one week and within the previous 12 months was 7.72% and 10.45%. The risk factors for upper back pain were debt burden (ORadj 3.72, 95%CI 1.14-12.19), insufficient income (ORadj 2.56, 95%CI 1.00-6.55), coffee weight collected (ORadj 6.04, 95%CI 1.50-24.27), and lack of education (ORadj 6.61, 95%CI 1.43-30.61). Low back pain prevalence at one week and within the previous 12 months was 23.18% and 33.63%. The risk factor for low back pain was stress (ORadj 3.81, 95%CI 1.39-10.41), and the protective factor was secondary jobs (ORadj 0.55, 95%CI 0.31-0.99). In conclusion, spinal musculoskeletal pain was related to personal factors, work factors, and psychosocial factors. This study found hill tribe coffee farmers tend to have insufficient income, so supplementary occupations are promoted to have sufficient income. This may help to reduce the stress of hill tribe coffee farmers and reduce the risk factors for musculoskeletal pain.
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