Model Development of Surveillance and Screening for Silicosis Risk Groups in Communities with Stone Carving Occupations: A Case Study of Paneard sub district, Khok Samrong District, Lopburi Province

Abstract

The participant action research aimed to: 1) identify issues related to the occurrence of silicosis, 2) develop a proactive screening model for individuals at risk of silicosis, and 3) evaluate the effectiveness of the developed proactive screening model in Khok Samrong District, Lopburi Province. Data collection took place between October 2022 and September 2023 using disease investigation questionnaires, chest X-rays, and pulmonary tuberculosis testing via Real-time PCR for MTB/MDR. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis and presentation. The study revealed that local public health agencies lacked policies, plans, and proactive surveillance and screening models for silicosis. Health personnel faced heavy workloads, lacked experience, and had limited understanding of silicosis. Most individuals sought medical attention only after experiencing symptoms at hospitals or local health promotion hospitals. The developed model emphasized proactive surveillance and screening, covering health check-ups, medical history assessments, risk factor identification, and disease diagnosis using laboratory tools and specialists. Implementation of the developed model led to the identification of 15 additional confirmed silicosis cases. Stone carving workers and household members involved in stone carving activities were found to be at high risk of silica dust exposure from occupational and environmental sources. Therefore, it is recommended that workspaces and living areas should be separated, and workers should wear standard personal protective equipment at all times. Measures should be implemented to control and reduce silica dust levels, along with regular and continuous health check-ups. Local healthcare facilities should establish a comprehensive and ongoing surveillance system to address all aspects of silicosis prevention and control.