Effectiveness of an Integrated Intervention Model on Alcohol Drinking Behavior and Driving Safety among Public Transport Drivers

Abstract

Alcohol consumption before driving is a major risk factor for road traffic accidents, particularly among public transport drivers. This study aimed to examine factors influencing alcohol consumption behavior and to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of an integrated intervention model. A quasi-experimental design with experimental and comparison groups was conducted, using pre-test and post-test measurements and follow-up at 3, 6, and 12 months. A total of 140 participants were equally assigned to the experimental and comparison groups (70 per group). Instruments included a structured questionnaire assessing behavioral factors based on the Health Belief Model, Theory of Planned Behavior, and Social Ecological Model, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, and breath alcohol measurement. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics, including Chi-square tests, t-tests, repeated measures analysis of variance, and Pearson’s correlation. The results indicated that the experimental group showed significant reductions in alcohol consumption and risky driving behaviors, along with significant improvements in behavioral factors (p < 0.001), and performed better than the comparison group (p < 0.05). In addition, a higher proportion of participants in the experimental group achieved 0 mg% in breath alcohol testing. Follow-up results demonstrated a significant improvement trend in the experimental group (F = 18.72, p < 0.001), whereas no significant changes were observed in the comparison group. Behavioral factors were negatively correlated with alcohol consumption and risky driving behaviors (r = -0.39 to -0.48, p < 0.01), and the intervention showed moderate to high effect sizes (d = 0.58-0.71). In conclusion, the integrated intervention model was effective in reducing risk behaviors and can be applied in practice to enhance road safety.