Systematic Review on Molecular Epidemiology of Re-emerging Tuberculosis in Thailand.
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Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading cause of death globally, with an estimated 10.0 million cases and 1.5 million deaths in 2022. Of these, approximately 500,000 were new cases of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB), significantly impacting TB control and transmission interventions. Thailand ranks among the top 30 high TB burden countries, with a prevalence of 150 per 100,000 population and an estimated MDR-TB prevalence of 1.7% in new cases and 10% in previously treated cases. In Thailand, the genotypic diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) includes both Beijing and non-Beijing strains, with the Beijing strain being particularly associated with MDR-TB and extensively drug-resistant (XDR-TB) strains. This review aims to explore the gene mutations related to first-line drug resistance in Beijing genotypes and summarize the prevalence, mutation profiles, and implications for TB management based on MTB genetics. Molecular epidemiology data of MDR-TB are crucial for public health strategies, aiding in tracking the geographic distribution and transmission of drug-resistant MTB clones. A systematic literature search using databases like PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science was conducted, focusing on studies related to the molecular epidemiology of TB in Thailand published between 2000 and 2023. The results highlight the predominance of the Beijing lineage in Thailand, its association with high transmission rates and drug resistance, and the presence of unique mutations such as H526P, Q513P, and H526C in the rpoB gene. Understanding these genetic mutations and their contribution to drug resistance is vital for developing effective TB control strategies and treatments in Thailand and other high-burden settings.
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บทความที่พิมพ์ในวารสารสถาบันป้องกันควบคุมโรคเขตเมือง ถือว่าเป็นผลงานวิชาการ งานวิจัยและวิเคราะห์ ตลอดจนเป็นความเห็นส่วนตัวของผู้เขียนเอง ไม่ใช่ความเห็นของสถาบันป้องกันควบคุมโรคเขตเมือง หรือคณะบรรณาธิการแต่ประการใด ผู้เขียนจำต้องรับผิดชอบต่อบทความของตน
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