Health-related quality of life in patients with oral potentially malignant disorders and oral cancer in Chiang Rai, Thailand
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) can be detected at a precancerous stage. Lesions detected at later stages often have a poor prognosis, and treatment may lead to adverse effects that impair the patient's quality of life. Chiang Rai province has implemented a screening program for oral potentially malignant disorders (PMDs) and oral cancer lesions. A provincial policy was established to support screening and referral pathways, along with training dental personnel to carry out screening effectively. Evaluating the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of patients with such lesions serves as one of the criteria for assessing the success of management and should be further explored for future benefit.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the HRQoL of 74 patients diagnosed with PMDs and oral cancer who received treatment at Chiangrai Prachanukroh Hospital.
METHODS: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted using a validated Thai version of a HRQoL questionnaire for oral cancer patients.
RESULTS: Among the 60 patients with oral PMDs and the 14 patients with oral cancer group, statistically significant differences were found between the two groups (p<0.05). Regarding chief complaint, oral cancer patients had much more ulcerative sign. There are feel quite good in general HRQoL within one month while PMDs patients feel much better. Functional outcomes—including pain, facial appearance, recreational activities, swallowing, chewing, speech, taste perception, salivation, and emotional well-being—were better in patients with PMDs than in patients with oral cancer.
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: Early detection of PMDs and cancerous lesions through systematic screening is crucial in public health services. Early intervention can contribute to improved HRQoL for patients.
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