The effect of a health education program on knowledge and self-care ability of end-stage renal disease patients receiving hemodialysis at Chomthong Hospital, Chiang Mai Province
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Orem's nursing system theory was used as a conceptual framework for designing a health education program for patients with chronic kidney disease receiving hemodialysis. The program was developed to promote patients’ learning of appropriate self-care behaviors, while enabling hemodialysis nurses to provide counseling, encouragement, and positive reinforcement, thereby enhancing patients’ motivation to practice correct self-care behaviors.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the mean scores of self-care knowledge and self-care ability among end-stage renal disease patients receiving hemodialysis before and after participation in a health education program at Chomthong Hospital, Chiang Mai Province.
METHODS: This study employed a quasi-experimental research design using a one-group pretest–posttest design without a comparison group. The study was conducted between February and May 2024. The level of statistical significance was set at 0.05.
RESULTS: The results showed that among the 38 participants, the mean self-care knowledge score before participation in the health education program was 17.5 points (43.6%), which was at a moderate level. After participation in the program, the mean knowledge score increased to 26.8 points (66.9%), which remained at a moderate level but demonstrated a clear upward trend. In addition, the self-care ability of end-stage renal disease patients in the experimental group significantly improved after receiving the program (t = −7.259 and 5.371, respectively; p<0.001).
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: The health education program should be integrated with routine nursing care to enhance the effectiveness of self-care management among end-stage renal disease patients undergoing hemodialysis. This integration may promote appropriate self-care behaviors, improve clinical outcomes, delay the progression of renal deterioration, and potentially reduce future mortality.
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