Seasonal and associated factors of stroke in Mueang Chiang Rai: A 3-year retrospective medical record review
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown that colder seasons are associated with the occurrence of hemorrhagic stroke (HS), which has a poorer prognosis than ischemic stroke (IS). HS is associated with hypertension, smoking, and alcohol consumption. However, no study in Chiang Rai has focused on the relationship between seasonal variation and stroke subtype. This study aims to explore this association to improve understanding of related risk factors and to inform effective strategies for health promotion and stroke prevention.
OBJECTIVE: To compare the influence of seasonal variations and other contributing factors on the incidence of stroke in Mueang, Chiang Rai.
METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted using hospital records (ICD-10: I60-I66) from January 1, 2020, to December 31, 2022. Descriptive statistics were used to present patient characteristics, while multivariable logistic regression analysis examined associations between stroke subtype and risk factors. A significance level of p<0.05 was considered.
RESULTS: Patients under 65 years, hypertension, and alcohol consumption were significantly associated with HS compared to IS, with AORs of 1.64 (95% CI 1.17–2.32, p=0.005), 4.11 (95% CI 2.83–5.98, p<0.001), and 1.47 (95% CI 1.00–2.16, p=0.048), respectively. However, no significant association was found between stroke subtype and seasonal variation.
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: There was no significant association between stroke occurrence and seasonal variation. However, age under 65 years, hypertension, and alcohol consumption were associated with HS compared to IS. Future studies should analyze monthly stroke incidence and consider additional environmental factors, such as average monthly temperature and air pollution, to better understand seasonal and other relevant risk factors for stroke.
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