Prevalence and predictors of normal coronary arteries in patients undergoing coronary angiography
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Coronary angiography (CAG) is a gold standard procedure for diagnosing coronary artery disease (CAD), despite its invasiveness and potential complications. Proper patient selection can minimize over investigation, thus reducing the risk of complications, cost, and the burden on the medical team.
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to assess the prevalence of normal coronary arteries in patients undergoing coronary angiography and to identify factors which predict normal coronary arteries.
METHODS: A retrospective observational cross-sectional study was conducted on patients aged over 18 years who underwent elective coronary angiography at Chiangrai Prachanukroh hospital between January 1st and December 31st, 2023.
RESULTS: Among the 122 patients undergoing elective CAG, 61.5% being male and having a mean age of 63.5 years, with 36.1% exhibited normal coronary arteries. Factors significantly associated with normal CAG results included female gender (adjusted OR 6.20; 95% CI 2.03-18.94, p= 0.001), age under 60 years (adjusted OR 3.08; 95% CI 1.07-8.85, p= 0.037), dilated cardiomyopathy (adjusted OR 14.64; 95% CI 2.90-73.94, p= 0.001), and absence of dyslipidemia (adjusted OR 5.27; 95% CI 1.54-18, p= 0.008).
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: In patients undergoing elective CAG, female gender, age under 60 years, presence of dilated cardiomyopathy, and absence of hyperlipidemia were factors associated with normal coronary arteries. Non-invasive diagnostic methods should be considered to reduce unnecessary CAG, minimizing risks to patients and alleviating the burden on healthcare personnel.
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