The prevalence and associated factors of fatty liver among participants in Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program (CASCAP) of Mueang Chiang Rai District
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Fatty liver is a condition in which excess fat is stored in the liver. Accumulating constantly over a long period leads to inflammation of the liver, resulting in cirrhosis. The prevalence of fatty liver in Thailand has increased recently, and most patients are asymptomatic.
OBJECTIVE: To study the prevalence and associated factors of fatty liver disease in individuals aged 35–75 years who participated in the Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program (CASCAP) of Mueang Chiangrai District.
METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional study of 127 patients was conducted with data gathered from CASCAP participants’ electronic medical records of Chiangrai Prachanukroh Hospital, Chiangrai province between October 1, 2021, and October 31, 2022. The data were gathered by using the patient medical record review form and ultrasound upper abdomen record form. We analyzed the relationship between fatty liver disease and other associated factors using multiple logistic regression with a backward elimination method, with statistical significance at p-value< 0.050.
RESULTS: In the total of 127 samples, with an average age of 61.44+10.32 years, we found the prevalence of fatty liver disease was 31.50%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed the statistically significant related factor with fatty liver disease, namely the patients with hypertension (aOR 2.36, 95%CI 1.02-5.47, p = 0.046), smoking (aOR 7.98, 95% CI 1.27- 50.09, p= 0.027) and high LDL level (aOR 3.50, 95% CI 1.51-8.09, p=0.003).
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS: The results illustrated that the prevalence of fatty liver disease was 31.50% and those patients with hypertension, smoking, or high LDL levels were associated with fatty liver disease. Therefore, an effective screening program and monitoring that focuses on these risk factors may reduce the number of cirrhosis patients in the future.
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