The Effects of a Self –efficacy Developing Program to Control Obesity among Secondary School Students at Chiang Rai Municipality
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Abstract
BACKGROUND : School – age obesity is a major public health problem in many countries including Thailand. The increasing trend of this problem may affect the health and development of school-age children in physically, mentally, emotionally, socially and affecting the economic condition of obese children’s families.
OBJECTIVE : To compare self-efficacy, obesity control behavior, body mass index and waist circumference between the self-efficacy development program and usual care group in obesity control.
METHODS : This was a quasi-experimental research. The two groups were measured before and after the experiment. The sample consisted of 60 obese junior high school students. The sample was selected using simple random sampling according to the specified criteria. The Municipal School 5 was an experimental group, and the municipal school 6 was a comparison group, each group consisted of 30 students. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics such as Paired t-test, Independent t-test. P- value of 0.05 or less is considered statistically significant.
RESULTS: After using the self-efficacy program, the self-efficacy, and obesity control behavior was significantly different in the experimental group (80.00 ±9.75 vs 70.57± 10.26; p=0.001 and 51.30 ±5.14 vs 46.45± 5.52; p=0.001 respectively). And there were
higher than the comparison group (80.00 ±9.75 vs 73.13± 10.66; p=0.012 and 51.30 ±5.14 vs 46.96± 5.77; p=0.003 respectively). There was not significantly different in body mass index and waist circumference between before and after using the self-efficacy development program. But, the waist circumference of the experimental group was less than the control group (101.36 ±8.74 vs 108.06± 13.21; p=0.024). While, there was not significantly different in body mass index.
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATION : The self-efficacy development program for controlling obesity among secondary school student is effective in improving self-efficacy and obesity control behavior. Therefore, this program can be applied to secondary school students in other school. Additionally, this procedure should be conducted with parents of obese children participation because secondary school students are still undertaking the care of their parents who were in effect for eating style.
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